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HALF  CENTURY  OF  A 
WEST   POINT  CLASS 

1850    TO    1854 

BY   HENRY   L.  \ABBOT 

BRIGADIER    GENERAL    U.   S.   A.,    RETIRED 


iCf. 


States 
HALF  CENTURY  RECORD 

OF   THE 

CLASS  AT  WEST  POINT 

1850    TO    1854 


BY    HENRY   L.  ABBOT 

BRIGADIER   GENERAL   U.  S.  A. 
RETIRED 


THOMAS  TODD,  Printer 
14  BEACON  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


" 


Hi 


INTRODUCTION 

THE  Class  of  1850-54  was  graduated  long  enough  before 
the  Civil  War  to  cause  its  members,  trained  in  frequent  Indian 
outbreaks  and  qualified  by  experience  in  the  field,  to  serve  in 
grades  entailing  special  exposure  on  the  line  of  battle.  Many  of 
its  members  held  such  rank,  and  the  Official  Records  show  for 
the  Class  a  larger  list  of  killed  and  mortally  wounded  in  action 
than  for  any  other  that  ever  left  the  Academy  except  for  that 
graduating  in  1841,  which  lost  six  graduates  in  the  Mexican  War 
and  eight  in  the  Civil  War,  or  a  total  of  fourteen.  The  Class  of 
1854  lost  twelve  graduates  and  three  non-graduates  in  the  Civil 
War,  and  among  the  former  was  Greble,  the  first  officer  of  the 
Regular  Army  to  lay  down  his  life  in  the  conflict.  Another  non- 
graduate  subsequently  met  his  fate  in  the  Modoc  War,  making 
a  total  of  sixteen  of  the  Class  to  die  from  wounds  received  in 
battle. 

It  has  been  charged  against  the  Academy  that  its  cost  to 
the  Government  is  excessive,  since  the  Cadets  that  fall  out  by 
the  way  are  not  commissioned  in  the  Army,  and  consequently 
can  render  no  return  to  the  Government  for  the  sums  expended 
in  their  education  more  or  less  complete.  Of  the  class  enter- 
ing in  1850,  having  a  total  of  one  hundred  and  two  names  on 
its  rolls,  forty-six  were  graduated  in  1854  and  three  in  1855, 
leaving  fifty-three  who  failed  to  receive  the  diploma.  It  has 
seemed  to  me  to  be  a  matter  of  interest  to  trace,  so  far  as 
practicable,  the  war  records  of  these  non-graduates,  and  thus  to 
determine  whether  their  military  education  received  at  West  Point 
did  or  did  not  bear  fruit  in  the  great  war. 

It  has  been  my  habit  during  all  these  years  to  preserve  any 
item  which  came  to  my  knowledge  relating  to  members  of  the 
Class.  In  this  present  study  I  have  sought  and  obtained  similar 
items  from  my  classmates.  The  Official  Records  of  the  war,  with 
its  admirable  index  referring  to  every  name  contained  in  any  of 
the  many  volumes,  has  rendered  it  comparatively  easy  to  trace 

3 


600 


4  HALF    CENTURY   RECORD 

individuals  holding  rank  in  the  higher  grades.  The  Historical 
Register  and  Dictionary  of  the  Army  prepared  by  Francis  B. 
Heitman  in  1903,  the  Bulletins  of  the  Association  of  Graduates, 
and  numerous  histories  and  encyclopaedias  of  the  war  have  af- 
forded great  assistance.  Correspondence  with  the  War  Depart- 
ment, with  the  Adjutants  General  of  several  States,  with  the 
Pension  Office,  with  postmasters  at  many  localities,  and  with 
individuals  whose  addresses  have  been  furnished  by  the  above 
has  supplied  many  missing  links.  The  results  of  the  study 
appear  below.  While  it  is  hardly  possible  that  errors  have  been 
wholly  avoided,  it  is  believed  that  none  of  serious  import  will  be 
found. 

The  West  Point  record  of  the  Class  may  be  summed  up 
briefly  as  follows:  The  total  number  that  received  conditional 
appointments,  and  including  twelve  turned  back  from  the  class 
above,  was  one  hundred  and  eleven.  Of  these  nine  failed  to 
pass  the  entrance  examination,  reducing  the  true  Class  aggregate 
to  one  hundred  and  two.  During  the  four-year  course  seven 
resigned,  five  were  dismissed,  eighteen  failed  to  pass  the  first 
January  examination,  eight  the  next  June  examination,  four  the 
second  June  examination,  eleven  the  third  June  examination,  and 
none  the  final  June  examination.  The  number  graduating  in 
1854  was  thus  reduced  to  forty-six,  of  whom  six  came  from  the 
class  above.  Of  the  forty-one  who  failed  to  pass  the  examina- 
tions nine  were  turned  back  to  the  next  class,  and  three  of  them 
were  graduated  in  1855.  Thus  of  the  one  hundred  and  two 
members  there  were  forty-nine  graduates  and  fifty-three  non- 
graduates.  One  of  the  former,  Levi  L.  Wade,  was  so  ill  that 
he  failed  to  receive  a  commission ;  indeed  he  died  in  September, 
1854. 

In  respect  to  the  non-graduate  members  the  facts,  more  fully 
recounted  below,  may  be  given  briefly  in  tabular  form.  As  stated 
above,  of  the  twenty-six  known  or  believed  to  have  taken  part  in 
the  war  four  laid  down  their  lives  in  action.  Their  names  are 
printed  in  italics. 

Non-  Graduate  Members — j-j  in  Number 

Wholly  untraced  17     (12  at  Academy  six  or  less  months). 

Died  before  the  war  3     Daniell,  Guion,  Splane. 

Did  not  take  active  part  3     Bennett,  Fonda,  Scott,  W.  P. 


CLASS    OF    1850-54  5 

Service  uncertain  4     Browne,  Jordan,  Lashbrooke,  Widup. 

(  Black,  J.  L.,   Colquitt,  Crooks,  Drum, 
Attained  grade  of  Colonel  9  \  Harrington,  Hyde,  Sherburne,  Wood, 

{  Wright,  T.  F. 

Attained  grade  of  Lieut.  Colonel         4     Crawford,  Green,  Leech,  Spratt. 
Attained  grade  of  Major  3     Brown,  S,  C.,  Kearney,  Wilson. 

Attained  grade  of  Company  officer  6  {  ^gome^'  C^'  «•»""•  Kena"' 
Grade  uncertain  4  Holloway,  Jesup,  Robertson,  Thomas. 

Total  non-graduates  53 

Such  a  record  demonstrates  that  the  non-graduates  of  the  Acad- 
emy constitute  an  educated  and  precious  reserve  which  can  be 
counted  upon  in  time  of  need  to  perform  the  important  duty 
of  training  and  leading  our  Volunteer  armies. 

It  remains  to  define  the  scope  of  this  paper.  For  the  grad- 
uates who  remained  in  service  General  Cullum's  Register  furnishes 
ample  information,  and  their  personal  records  are  not  included  in 
the  following  Biographical  Notes.  All  the  rest  are  briefly  men- 
tioned, including  those  who  resigned  before  or  at  the  outbreak  of 
the  Civil  War,  those  who  did  not  graduate,  and  especially  those, 
whether  included  in  the  Register  or  not,  who  fell  in  action. 

Aside  from  these  personal  memoranda,  it  has  seemed  desir- 
able to  present  in  tabular  form  certain  items  pertaining  to  the 
entire  Class,  permitting  ready  comparison  between  individuals  in 
respect  to  relative  promotion  in  the  different  arms  of  service,  and 
other  points  of  interest  to  the  Army  in  general.  These  tables  are 
appended,  and  are  thus  constituted.  Table  I  shows  whether  the 
members  took  an  active  part  in  the  war,  and  if  so  on  which 
side,  the  highest  rank  attained,  and  whether  now  living  or  dead. 
Table  II  gives  the  Class  necrology  in  order  of  date  of  death. 
Table  III  gives  the  full  West  Point  record,  in  essential  ele- 
ments. Table  IV  gives  the  date  of  each  commission  held  in  the 
Regular  Army.  Table  V  gives  the  same  for  the  Volunteer  serv- 
ice; and  Table  VI  gives  the  same  for  the  Confederate  service, 
so  far  as  the  incomplete  records  permit  this  to  be  done. 

In  a  word  it  has  been  my  wish  to  supplement,  as  fully 
as  possible,  the  military  life  record  of  the  Class  as  given  by 
General  Cullum.  The  happily  reunited  popular  sentiment,  North 
and  South,  now  sustains  the  little  band  of  survivors,  who  sepa- 
rated at  West  Point  half  a  century  ago,  in  being  proud  of  the 


6  HALF    CENTURY   RECORD 

gallant  and  honorable  service  of  their  classmates,  whether  ren- 
dered under  the  blue  or  the  gray.  Indeed  all  graduates  will 
recognize  that  among  ourselves  the  ties  formed  by  four  years  of 
such  intimacy  as  exists  at  West  Point  were  never  weakened  by 
the  course  of  events,  even  when  we  found  ourselves  arrayed 
in  hostile  ranks.  Each  side  gave  the  other  credit  for  following 
the  dictates  of  duty  as  they  appeared  to  the  individual  mind 
and  conscience.  The  deep-seated,  sectional  misunderstanding 
which  led  to  the  war  had  no  place  in  the  old  Army.  Whatever 
may  have  existed  among  the  members  in  boyhood  had  been 
eliminated  by  attrition  during  the  years  spent  at  West  Point. 

The  following  general  summary  of  the  war  records  of  the 
Class  is  based  upon  the  appended  Tables.  Those  who  served 
on  the  side  of  the  Union  were  divided  between  the  Regular  and 
Volunteer  services,  fifteen  names  appearing  on  both  lists  and 
twenty-three  on  only  one.  The  highest  individual  rank  attained 
on  either  list  is  shown.  The  relatively  large  number  in  the 
grade  of  Company  Officer  is  explained  by  the  fact  that  twelve 
held  only  their  regular  commissions.  During  the  war  fifteen  of 
the  Class  were  killed  or  mortally  wounded  in  action  —  seven 
on  the  Union  side,  of  whom  five  were  graduates,  and  eight  on 
the  Confederate  side,  of  whom  seven  were  graduates  —  giving, 
with  one  killed  later  in  the  Modoc  War,  an  aggregate  loss  of 
about  one  in  four  of  those  engaged.  At  least  eighteen  are  known 
to  have  been  wounded,  not  mortally,  some  of  them  several  times. 

Highest  Rank  Attained  in  the   War 

Union  Side  (38)    Confederate  Side  (27)    Side  Doubtful  (1)    Class  (66) 

Lieutenant  General  I  i 

Major  General  15  6 

Brigadier  General  33  6 

Colonel  13                            6  19 

Lieutenant  Colonel  44  8 

Major  21  3 

Company  Officer  15                              4  I                    20 

Not  on  record  3  3 

Totals  38  27  i  66 

The  present  status  of  the  Class  may  be  summed  up  as  follows. 
Of  the  one  hundred  and  two  members,  ten  died  before  the  war, 
eighteen  died  during  the  war,  ten  have  died  since  in  service  and 


CLASS    OF    1850-54  7 

twenty-one  in  civil  life  —  making  a  total  of  fifty-nine  deceased. 
Information  is  lacking  respecting  twenty-four.  There  are  known 
to  be  living  nineteen,  of  whom  nine  are  in  civil  life  and  ten  in 
service,  all  the  latter  being  on  the  retired  list  with  the  rank  of 
General  Officer.  The  following  is  the  list  of  the  known  survivors 
and  the  addresses  of  those  no  longer  in  service.  For  those  still 
on  the  rolls  the  latter  is  given  monthly,  in  the  Army  List  and 
Directory. 

Abbot,  Henry  L.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Bingham,  Judson  D.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Chapman,  Alfred  B.  Chapman  Place,  San  Gabriel,  Cal. 

Closson,  Henry  W.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Crooks,  William  (Colonel)  25  Sherburne  Avenue,  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

Fonda,  Peter  107  Woodland  Avenue,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
Green,  Wharton  J.  (Lieutenant  Colonel)  Fayetteville,  N.  C. 

Haynes,  Lawrence  B.  (Captain)  Woodville,  Wilkinson  County,  Miss. 

Howard,  Oliver  O.  Major  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Hyde,  Breed  N.  (Colonel)  Post-office  Box  66,  Pottsville,  Penn. 

Langdon,  Loomis  L.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Lazelle,  Henry  M.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Lee,  G.  W.  C.  (Major  General)  Burke  Post  Office,  Fairfax  County,  Va. 
Lee,  Stephen  D.  (Lieutenant  General)  Columbus,  Miss. 

Montgomery,  James  G.  (Captain)  Augusta,  Ga. 

Morgan,  Michael  R.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Ruger,  Thomas  H.  Major  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Sawtelle,  Charles  G.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 

Townsend,  Edwin  F.  Brigadier  General  U.  S.  A.,  Retired. 


BIOGRAPHICAL   NOTES 

EX-ARMY    AND    NON-GRADUATE    MEMBERS,    AND    ALL    KILLED 

IN    ACTION 

ANNAN,  ALEXANDER,  of  New  York.  He  served  in 
the  war  as  First  Lieutenant  and  Quartermaster  of  the 
1 28th  New  York  Infantry  from  September  4,  1862,  to 
July  29,  1863,  when  he  resigned;  also,  in  the  same  grades, 
in  the  iO3d  New  York  Infantry  from  February  29,  1864, 
to  March  17,  1865,  when  he  was  honorably  mustered  out 
of  service.  He  was  engaged  in  the  hardware  business  in 
New  Orleans  in  1866,  and  in  New  York  in  1875.  No 
later  information. 

BENNETT,  JAMES  CARLETON,  of  Virginia.  His 
home  was  in  the  mountains  of  West  Virginia,  and  he 
appears  to  have  taken  no  active  part  in  the  war  —  at 
least  with  the  eastern  armies. 

BLACK,  JOHN  A.,  of  New  York.  To  illustrate  the 
difficulty  of  tracing  an  old  friend  after  the  lapse  of  half 
a  century  I  give  the  record  in  this  case.  Knowing  that 
there  was  a  Lieutenant  Colonel  John  A.  Black  of  the 
56th  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  I  wrote  to  the  Adjutant 
General  of  the  state  asking  his  address.  He  kindly  gave 
me  an  old  one,  and  also  that  of  three  officers  of  the 
regiment  likely  to  know  about  him.  I  addressed  each  of 
them,  and  received  three  replies,  one  giving  the  desired 
present  address.  Writing  to  the  Colonel  I  learned  that 
he  is  not  our  classmate,  but  he  gave  me  the  address  of 
another  person  of  the  same  name.  The  latter  also  proved 
not  to  be  the  man,  but  he  wrote  that  there  were  two  of 


IO  HALF   CENTURY    RECORD 

the  name  on  the  retired  list,  and  suggested  that  I  get  the 
address  of  the  other  from  the  Commissioner  of  Pensions. 
In  reply  to  my  letter  the  latter  gave  me  the  addresses  of 
four  John  A.  Blacks  on  the  rolls,  none  of  whom  proved  to 
be  our  classmate.  So  after  all  nothing  has  been  discovered, 
except  that  there  are  many  of  this  name. 

BLACK,  JOHN  LOGAN,  of  South  Carolina.  The  Official 
Records  show  that  on  October  16,  1861,  the  secretary  of 
Governor  Pickens  wrote  to  "Captain"  Black  that  if  the 
Secretary  of  War  would  make  requisition  upon  him  for 
five  more  Cavalry  companies  to  serve  "for  the  war,"  he 
would  consent  to  make  proclamation  for  the  same,  "so 
that  all  captains  of  companies  may  be  put  on  equal  foot- 
ing in  the  matter."  Also  that  on  October  31,  1861,  an 
order  was  issued  organizing  five  companies  as  the  ist  Bat- 
talion, South  Carolina  Cavalry,  under  Lieutenant  Colonel 
John  L.  Black,  who  apparently  had  raised  one  of  them. 

The  returns  show  that  this  battalion  served  on  the 
seacoast  of  the  State,  the  Lieutenant  Colonel  often  in  com- 
mand of  a  district,  until  July,  1862;  when  it  appears  to 
have  been  increased  to  a  regiment,  under  Colonel  Black, 
and  to  have  been  sent  to  join  the  Cavalry  Corps  of  the 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  under  the  immediate  com- 
mand of  General  Wade  Hampton.  Under  him  it  took 
part  in  a  raid  across  the  Rappahannock  on  December  22, 
1 862 ;  and  in  an  action  near  Brandy  Station  on  June  9, 
1863,  in  which  Colonel  Black  was  wounded,  and  was 
highly  commended  for  skill  and  gallantry  in  recapturing 
General  Stuart's  headquarters  temporarily  held  by  Union 
Cavalry;  and  again  on  July  31,  1863,  when  he  received 
another  wound.  On  September  9,  1863,  the  Cavalry  Corps 
was  reorganized,  and  the  regiment  was  assigned  to  Gen- 
eral W.  H.  F.  Lee's  brigade  of  General  Fitzhugh  Lee's 
division,  but  was  soon  transferred  to  General  Young's 
brigade.  In  March,  1864,  the  ist  and  2d  Regiments  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  II 

South  Carolina  Cavalry  had  become  greatly  depleted,  having 
together  only  about  three  hundred  mounted  men,  and  it  was 
recommended  that  they  be  sent  back  to  the  State  to  be 
recruited.  On  March  18,  1864,  the  order  was  issued,  and 
Colonel  Black  proceeded  to  Columbia,  reporting  for  duty 
to  General  Beauregard.  On  April  28  he  was  instructed  to 
make  a  personal  inspection  of  the  district  from  Walhalla 
to  Greenville  to  devise  plans  for  preventing  hostile  raids 
from  the  other  side  of  the  mountains.  On  May  10  he 
submitted  an  able  report,  which  occupies  over  two  printed 
pages  in  the  Official  Records.  On  May  17,  1864,  his 
command  was  ordered  to  Charleston.  He  took  station 
on  James  Island.  Here  he  remained  until  the  advance 
of  General  Sherman's  army,  performing  responsible  duties 
which  were  thus  commended  by  his  commander,  General 
Talliaferro,  "I  desire  to  record  my  appreciation  of  the 
energy  and  vigilance  displayed  by  Colonel  Black,  com- 
manding East  Lines,  not  only  during  these  operations, 
but  ever  since  he  has  been  intrusted  with  his  important 
command."  This  extract  is  from  a  report  dated  July  23, 

1864.  Between  September  10  and   18  Fort  Johnson  and 
Battery  Simkins  on  his  lines  were  attacked  unsuccessfully. 
But   the  war  was  drawing  to  a  close.     On   February   12, 

1865,  he  was  ordered  to  guard  the  Santee  River,  taking  sta- 
tion at  Holly  Hill;  and  on  March  28,  1865,  in  command  of 
his  own  regiment  and  the  6th  North  Carolina,  he  engaged 
the  advance  of   the  2Oth   Corps  en  route  from   Goldsboro 
toward  Raleigh ;  and  on  April  20  he  suffered  a  repulse  at 
Moccasin  Creek.     Here  the  Official  Records  terminate  for 
Colonel  Black. 

After  the  war  he  returned  to  his  home  at  Blacksburg, 
South  Carolina,  near  which  he  owned  large  iron  mines. 
The  renewal  of  our  old  friendship  came  about  in  a  singular 
manner.  About  the  year  1890  he  happened  to  meet  my 
son  on  a  railroad  train,  and  struck  by  his  resemblance 
to  myself  in  cadet  days  he  addressed  him.  The  business 


12  HALF   CENTURY   RECORD 

of  his  iron  mines  often  brought  him  to  New  York  City, 
where  I  met  him  frequently,  and  corresponded  with  him 
later.  His  affection  for  the  Class  was  strong,  and  his 
memory  of  West  Point  and  of  his  old  friends  was  extraor- 
dinary. He  seemed  to  be  able  to  call  every  one  by  his 
full  name.  He  had  some  of  Whistler's  West  Point 
sketches,  and  often  wrote  about  him  to  me  when  resid- 
ing at  Paris.  He  died  very  suddenly  from  paralysis  of 
the  heart  on  March  25,  1902.  He  was  apparently  in 
perfect  health,  and  was  inspecting  his  mines  at  Camp 
Cherokee,  about  four  miles  from  Blacksburg,  when  sud- 
denly stricken  down.  He  left  five  daughters,  two  of  them 
married.  One  of  them  writes  that  his  official  documents, 
commissions,  etc.,  were  destroyed,  but  that  many  pages 
of  reminiscences  written  from  memory  remain,  and  that 
they  include  notes  about  his  West  Point  friends,  whether 
they  wore  the  blue  or  the  gray.  No  one  could  meet  him 
socially  without  being  charmed  by  his  conversation  and 
impressed  by  his  character.  The  latter  was  well  illustrated 
by  the  fact  that  even  when  severely  wounded,  and  urged  by 
the  surgeon,  his  views  on  the  temperance  question  were 
so  decided  that  he  could  not  be  prevailed  upon  to  take 
a  glass  of  whisky. 

BROWN,  SAMUEL  C.,  of  Ohio.  On  October  2,  1861, 
he  was  commissioned  as  Second  Lieutenant  by  the  Gov- 
ernor of  Ohio,  and  was  authorized  to  recruit  a  company 
for  the  6  5th  Ohio  Infantry.  He  succeeded  in  raising  a  full 
company,  chiefly  in  Guernsey  County ;  was  commissioned 
Captain  in  that  regiment  on  November  7,  1861 ;  was 
mustered  into  the  United  States  service  on  the  same  day  ; 
and  was  promoted  Major  on  March  22,  1863.  He  died  at 
Chattanooga,  on  September  22,  1863,  from  a  wound  received 
at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  two  days  before.  He  was  in 
command  of  the  regiment  at  the  time,  and  was  gallantly 
leading  it  to  the  position  on  Snodgrass  Hill  which  his 


BIOGRAPHICAL   NOTES  13 

brigade,  the  3d  of  the  ist  Division  of  the  2ist  Corps,  held 
to  the  end  of  the  battle.  His  comrade  and  friend,  Colonel 
Wilbur  F.  Hinman,  then  commanding  a  company  of  the 
regiment  and  wounded  at  the  same  time,  writes  :  "  He  was 
indeed  a  most  lovable  man.  During  the  war  above  one 
hundred  officers  and  men  of  the  6$th  fell  in  death  before 
the  fiery  blast  of  battle,  and  among  them  all  not  one  was 
held  in  warmer  affection  or  was  more  sincerely  mourned. 
That  day  I  made  my  way  back  to  Chattanooga,  twelve 
miles  distant.  Tuesday  morning  I  learned  of  the  arrival 
of  Major  Brown,  and  was  able  to  make  my  way  to  him. 
He  was  fully  conscious,  although  very  near  the  end,  and 
our  interview  was  brief.  As  I  took  his  almost  pulseless 
hand  he  gasped,  '  Good-by,  Lieutenant ;  tell  the  boys  it  is 
all  right.'  It  fell  to  my  lot  to  write  the  story  of  our 
service,  a  volume  of  eleven  hundred  pages.  It  has  an 
excellent  portrait  of  Major  Brown,  and  the  text  contains 
many  allusions  to  him.  The  book  was  written  and  pub- 
lished for  our  own  brigade  family." 

His  Brigade  Commander  thus  referred  to  his  death  in 
the  official  report :  "  This  heroic  officer  fell  on  Sunday 
when  most  gallantly  leading  his  regiment.  Well  might 
his  regiment  waver  for  an  instant  as  they  saw  his  noble 
figure  stricken  down.  He  was  ever  ready  to  lead  where 
brave  men  would  follow.  In  him  the  regiment  has  lost 
a  brave  leader,  the  service  a  valuable  officer,  and  the 
nation  a  worthy  citizen." 

BROWNE,  LEVI  R.,  of  Maine.  He  was  a  civil  engi- 
neer in  Missouri  and  Kansas  in  1855-56,  but  since  that 
date  nothing  is  of  record.  His  home  was  in  Paris,  Oxford 
County,  Maine ;  but  it  seems  that  he  did  not  return  to  it 
on  leaving  the  Academy. 

BURSLEY,  ALLEN  A.,  of  Massachusetts.  He  was  a 
levee  engineer  in  Louisiana  in  1859,  and  served  as  an 


14  HALF   CENTURY    RECORD 

officer  of  Artillery  from  that  state  during  the  war.  General 
Earl  Van  Dorn,  in  a  report  dated  at  Jackson,  Mississippi, 
on  September  9,  1862,  mentions  "Watson  Battery,  Captain 
Bursley."  General  J.  C.  Bowen,  in  a  report  dated  Octo- 
ber 12,  1862,  on  the  actions  at  Corinth  on  October  3d, 
4th,  and  5th,  mentions  the  Watson  Battery,  Captain  Burs- 
ley,  as  "  held  in  reserve "  ;  and  later,  that  its  four  guns 
opened  fire,  but  drew  such  a  return  that  it  was  ordered 
to  the  rear.  General  Loring,  in  a  report  dated  August  28, 
1863,  at  Camp  Forest,  Mississippi,  mentions  Captain  A.  A. 
Bursley  as  his  Chief  of  Artillery.  He  had  been  temporarily 
on  ordnance  duty  in  the  preceding  April,  at  Jackson,  Mis- 
sissippi. He  was  sent  by  General  Loring  to  General  Polk 
with  dispatches  in  February,  1 864 ;  and  in  the  order  of  the 
latter  assuming  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Mississippi, 
dated  May  12,  1864,  Captain  A.  A.  Bursley  is  announced 
as  his  Acting  Chief  of  Artillery.  No  later  items  have  been 
discovered,  the  above  being  from  the  Official  Records. 

CARR,  MILTON  T.,  of  Virginia.  After  leaving  the 
U.  S.  Army,  on  December  9,  1863,  he  made  his  home 
near  Wheeling,  West  Virginia.  He  held  the  office  of 
surveyor  of  that  city  and  of  the  county  of  Ohio  for  many 
years,  and  died  at  his  home  on  May  3,  1895,  leaving  a 
widow  and  one  daughter. 

CHAPMAN,  ALFRED  BRUNSON,  of  Alabama.  He 
was  stationed  in  Nevada  at  the  commencement  of  the  war. 
He  resigned  his  commission,  but  circumstances  were  such 
that,  although  his  sympathies  were  strongly  with  the  South, 
he  could  take  no  active  part  in  the  war.  He  made  his  way 
to  California,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  practiced 
law  in  Los  Angeles  until  1879,  giymg  n*s  attention  espe- 
cially to  suits  involving  land  titles,  concerning  which  he 
soon  became  a  recognized  authority.  He  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  Judge  Scott  of  that  city,  and  since  retiring  from 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  15 

practice  has  resided  on  his  rancho  in  the  San  Gabriel 
valley,  engaged  in  raising  crops  of  citrus  fruits  and  walnuts. 
His  address  is  Chapman  Place,  San  Gabriel,  California. 

CLAY,  HENRY,  JR.,  of  Kentucky.  He  was  appointed 
Assistant  Adjutant  General  of  Volunteers,  with  the  rank 
of  Captain,  on  October  15,  1861.  Late  in  February,  1862, 
he  was  in  camp  at  Belle  Tavern,  Kentucky,  on  the  staff  of 
General  R.  W.  Johnson.  He  died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
on  June  5,  1862. 

COLQUITT,  PEYTON  H.,  at  large.  The  Official  Records 
show  that  on  April  20,  1861,  he  was  at  Milledgeville, 
Georgia,  in  command  of  the  City  Light  Guards  of  Colum- 
bus, and  ready  for  orders.  They  sent  him  to  the  Potomac 
River,  below  Washington,  and  on  May  18  he  was  in  com- 
mand of  the  unfinished  work  on  Sewell's  Point  when  it 
was  bombarded  by  the  naval  steamer  Monticello,  accom- 
panied by  a  steam  tug.  During  that  night  three  thirty-two 
pounders  and  two  small  rifles  were  mounted,  and  on  the 
following  day  when  the  same  vessels  returned  to  renew 
the  fire  they  were  received  so  vigorously  as  to  compel  a 
retreat  after  a  fight  of  an  hour  and  a  half.  Having  been 
chosen  Colonel  of  the  46th  Georgia  Infantry,  Colquitt 
joined  his  regiment  in  South  Carolina.  On  April  22,  1862, 
he  was  assigned  to  command  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Military 
Districts  of  that  state,  by  order  of  General  Pemberton ; 
and  on  June  14  to  construct  batteries  for  the  defense  of 
Newton's  Cut  by  the  labor  of  his  own  and  of  Colonel 
De  Saussure's  regiment.  Two  days  later  he  was  ordered 
to  relieve  a  regiment  at  Secessionville  exhausted  in  the 
fight  of  the  1 6th ;  and  the  returns  for  June  and  July  show 
him  in  command  of  an  Infantry  and  Artillery  force  there, 
having  a  total  of  one  thousand  two  hundred  and  eighty- 
three  men  for  duty.  His  regiment  was  soon  transferred 
to  North  Carolina;  for  the  return  of  General  Whiting, 


1 6  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

commanding  the  Cape  Fear  District,  dated  January  31, 
1863,  shows  Colonel  Colquitt  commanding  a  brigade  with 
two  thousand  nine  hundred  and  sixteen  men  present,  form- 
ing part  of  General  Gist's  Division.  The  brigade  was  soon 
sent  to  reenforce  the  western  army,  passing  by  way  of 
Charleston.  On  May  14,  1863,  it  lost  one  hundred  and 
ninety-eight  men  in  an  engagement  at  Jackson,  Mississippi. 
The  returns  of  the  Army  of  Mississippi  and  East  Louisiana 
for  July  30  and  August  20  show  the  46th  Georgia  as  part 
of  Gist's  Brigade,  Walker's  Division.  Colonel  Colquitt  fell 
mortally  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1863,  being  at  the  time  in  command  of  the  brigade. 
No  details  seem  to  have  been  preserved  respecting  the 
circumstances  of  his  death. 

CRAWFORD,  ROBERT  C.,  of  Tennessee.  After  dis- 
missal for  discreditable  conduct  at  West  Point,  in  January, 
1851,  he  joined  Walker  in  his  invasion  of  Nicaragua,  but 
escaped  uninjured.  During  the  Civil  War  his  name  appears 
on  the  returns  of  the  Department  of  the  Ohio  for  June  and 
July,  1863,  as  Captain  of  the  1st  East  Tennessee  Battery, 
attached  to  the  ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  of  the  23d  Corps. 
The  August  return  indicates  a  transfer  to  the  3d  Brigade 
of  the  4th  Division.  It  appears  that  he  was  allowed  to 
recruit  his  force  among  the  refugees,  and  thus  to  form  a 
ist  Battalion  of  Tennessee  Artillery ;  for  General  Willcox, 
at  Cumberland  Gap,  on  November  28,  1863,  reports  the 
arrival  of  "Colonel"  Crawford,  sent  from  Knoxville  by 
General  Burnside  to  inform  him  as  to  the  condition  of 
that  command.  On  January  i,  1864,  the  "  ist  East  Ten- 
nessee Heavy  Artillery,  Colonel  Crawford,"  was  transferred 
from  Camp  Nelson  to  Knoxville.  On  November  16,  1864, 
General  Gillem,  in  reporting  upon  the  operations  of  the 
Governor's  Guard  on  November  9  to  16,  mentions  a  mes- 
sage received  from  Colonel  Crawford  about  a  train.  The 
newspapers  of  that  time  state  that  the  reputation  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  IJ 

"  Crawford's  men "  was  of  the  worst  character,  and  that 
the  Colonel  was  finally  tried  and  dismissed  for  dishonesty. 
After  the  war  he  figured  as  a  "  Major  General "  of  Mexican 
guerrillas  on  the  Texan  frontier.  Here  his  trustworthy 
record  terminates,  but  fanciful  rumors  of  his  appearance  in 
the  Turkish  War  were  current.  Evidently  no  mistake  was 
made  in  his  dismissal  at  West  Point  after  a  six  months' 
trial. 

CROOKS,  WILLIAM,  of  New  York.  On  August  23, 
1862,  he  was  commissioned  as  Colonel  of  the  6th  Minnesota 
Infantry,  and  served  in  the  Sioux  campaigns  of  1862-63. 
On  March  25,  1864,  his  regiment  was  assigned  to  the 
ist  Brigade,  ist  Division,  2d  Army  Corps,  then  serving 
in  Culpepper  County,  Virginia ;  but  by  special  order  of 
the  Secretary  of  War  it  was  transferred  in  June  to  the 
1 6th  Army  Corps,  then  at  Helena,  Arkansas.  This  was  a 
great  disappointment  to  the  regiment,  and  Colonel  Crooks 
resigned  his  commission  on  October  28,  1864.  He  has 
practiced  civil  engineering  over  a  wide  extent  of  country, 
extending  from  New  Jersey  to  Oregon.  Of  late  years  he 
has  been  engaged  in  the  administrative  department  of  the 
Oregon  Railroad  and  Navigation  Company  as  assistant  to 
the  president  and  general  manager.  His  home  address 
is  25  Sherburne  Avenue,  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  but  much  of 
his  time  is  spent  at  Portland,  Oregon. 

DANIELL,  WILLIAM  S.,  of  Georgia.  He  was  a  prac- 
ticing lawyer  in  Savannah,  Georgia,  in  1857-59,  anc*  died 
there  on  May  2,  1860. 

DAVIS,  BENJAMIN  F.,  of  Mississippi.  After  serving 
in  Texas,  where  he  was  wounded  in  an  Indian  fight  on  the 
Gila  River,  New  Mexico,  on  June  27,  1857,  and  in  Cali- 
fornia, where  he  held  the  Volunteer  rank  of  Colonel  of  the 
ist  California  Cavalry  from  August  19  to  November  i, 


I 8  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

1 86 1,  he  returned  with  his  regular  regiment  (ist  Dragoons) 
to  the  East  soon  after  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  He  had 
been  regularly  promoted  to  be  Captain  in  July,  and  was 
doing  good  service  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in 
that  grade  when,  on  June  25,  1862,  the  unsought  and 
unexpected  appointment  to  the  Colonelcy  of  the  8th  New 
York  Cavalry  was  received.  With  it  he  took  a  brilliant 
part  in  the  defense  of  Harpers  Ferry,  and  finding  that  a 
surrender  was  contemplated  he  solicited  and  obtained  per- 
mission to  cut  his  way  out  if  he  could.  This  he  did  on 
the  night  of  September  14,  1862,  carrying  the  entire 
Cavalry  force  of  the  garrison  (some  sixteen  hundred  well- 
mounted  men)  through  the  opposing  lines,  and  capturing 
en  route  the  wagon  train  of  General  Longstreet,  which 
was  loaded  with  supplies  and  ammunition.  For  this  gal- 
lant exploit  he  was  brevetted  Major  in  the  Regular  Army, 
dating  September  15,  1862,  the  date  of  the  capture.  He 
took  part  in  the  battles  and  skirmishes  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  after  that  of  South  Mountain,  "always  with 
so  much  credit  to  himself  as  to  be  regarded  as  having 
very  few  equals  and  no  superiors  in  the  Cavalry  branch  of 
the  service."  He  commanded  a  brigade  of  the  ist  Division 
of  Pleasanton's  Cavalry  Corps  for  many  months,  and  was 
over  and  over  again  recommended  for  promotion  to  the 
grade  of  Brigadier  General.  In  the  action  of  Beverly 
Ford  on  June  9,  1863,  seeing  his  own  regiment  wavering 
for  a  moment  before  the  charge  of  the  Confederate  Cavalry, 
he  forgot  the  brigade  commander  in  the  actual  Colonel, 
and  rushing  to  the  front,  waving  his  saber  above  his  head, 
he  shouted,  "Come  on,  8th,  follow  me."  They  pressed 
forward  into  the  thickest  of  the  fight ;  and  he  fell,  his 
brain  pierced  by  a  bullet,  into  the  arms  of  his  young 
Adjutant,  and  was  borne  from  the  field.  The  request 
that  his  body  might  repose  at  West  Point  was  granted 
by  the  Secretary  of  War.  It  is  the  fitting  place.  He 
was  a  gallant  son  of  his  Alma  Mater,  and  an  honor  to 
his  Class  and  to  the  Academy. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  19 

DESHLER,  JAMES,  of  Alabama.  He  was  appointed 
Captain  of  Artillery  in  the  Confederate  service  soon 
after  leaving  the  Army  in  July,  1861.  His  first  campaign 
was  in  West  Virginia,  where  at  Alleghany  Summit,  on 
December  13,  1861,  he  was  shot  through  both  thighs. 
He  was  promoted  to  be  Colonel  of  Artillery,  and  assigned 
to  duty  in  North  Carolina.  Thence  he  was  transferred  to 
the  Trans-Mississippi  Department  as  Chief  of  Staff  to 
General  Holmes.  Later,  in  command  of  a  Texan  brigade, 
he  was  captured  at  Arkansas  Post  in  January,  1863.  He 
was  exchanged  and  promoted  to  be  Brigadier  General  on 
July  28,  1863.  Commanding  a  Texan  brigade  in  Cle- 
burne's  Division  of  D.  H.  Hill's  Corps  of  the  Army  of 
Tennessee,  he  was  hotly  engaged  in  the  Battle  of  Chicka- 
mauga,  and  was  killed  on  September  20,  1863.  The  fol- 
lowing is  an  extract  from  a  newspaper  of  that  time  :  "  As 
the  six  small  regiments  were  drawn  up  for  the  attack 
gallant  Deshler  rode  along  the  line.  Just  as  he  was  about 
to  give  the  word  to  advance  a  ten-pound  rifle  shell 
struck  him  full  and  fair  in  the  left  breast.  It  must  have 
knocked  him  ten  feet  out  of  his  saddle."  His  commander, 
General  Cleburne,  reported  :  "  General  Deshler  fell,  a  shell 
passing  fairly  through  his  chest.  It  was  the  first  battle 
in  which  this  gentleman  had  the  honor  of  command  as  a 
general  officer.  He  was  a  brave  and  efficient  one.  He 
brought  always  to  the  discharge  of  duty  a  warm  zeal  and 
a  high  conscientiousness."  Every  member  of  the  Class 
who,  as  was  my  good  fortune,  knew  him  intimately  will 
cordially  indorse  this  sentiment. 

DRUM,  WILLIAM  FINDLEY,  at  large.  When  report- 
ing at  West  Point  he  brought  with  him  the  shoulder  straps 
of  his  father,  Captain  Simon  H.  Drum,  4th  Artillery,  who 
fell  at  the  taking  of  the  city  of  Mexico  on  September  13, 
1847.  The  son  was  beloved  and  regretted  by  the  Class. 
He  entered  the  Volunteer  service  at  the  outbreak  of  the 


20  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

war,  serving  as  a  private  of  Company  F,  3d  Ohio  Infantry, 
from  June  i  to  July  31,  1861,  when  he  received  a  com- 
mission as  Second  Lieutenant  in  the  2d  Infantry.  He 
was  appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  5th  New  York  In- 
fantry on  April  I,  1865,  and  Colonel  of  the  same  on  May  29, 
1865,  and  was  mustered  out  of  service  on  August  21,  1865, 
receiving  brevets  in  the  Regular  Army  of  Major  and  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  for  gallant  services  before  Richmond  and  at 
the  battle  of  Five  Forks.  Returning  to  duty  as  Captain 
of  the  I4th  Infantry,  he  became  Major  and  Lieutenant 
Colonel,  and  died  in  command  of  Fort  Yates  on  July  4, 
1892. 

FONDA,  PETER,  JR.,  of  New  York.  After  leaving 
the  Academy  he  sought  reinstatement  or  an  appointment 
on  the  Utah  expedition  until  suddenly  stricken  with  lame- 
ness, which  demanded  a  change  of  climate  for  more  than  a 
year.  In  1857  he  became  Commandant  and  Professor  of 
Mathematics  in  a  Louisiana  military  college.  In  1858  he 
returned  to  the  North  and  accepted  a  position  as  private 
secretary  in  a  post  office  for  about  a  year,  then  resigned 
to  become  ultimately  a  partner  in  a  firm  engaged  in  a 
large  grain  business  in  Oswego,  New  York.  When  Major 
Anderson  returned  from  Fort  Sumter,  in  1861,  Fonda  im- 
mediately tendered  his  services  to  the  War  Department  in 
any  capacity  in  which  he  could  be  useful ;  this  he  repeated 
immediately  after  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  again 
after  two  other  reverses.  No  reply  was  received.  About 
1862  Colonel  McKibbin  of  the  Regular  Army  offered  him 
the  Majority  in  a  Volunteer  regiment  he  was  raising,  and 
Fonda  accepted,  but  ultimately  the  place  was  secured  by 
another.  Later  the  citizens  of  Oswego  requested  him  to 
drill  and  instruct  a  regiment  they  were  trying  to  raise. 
This  he  did  four  times  a  week  for  nearly  two  years,  with- 
out compensation,  but  the  scheme  finally  came  to  naught. 
Thus  if  he  took  no  active  part  in  the  war  it  certainly  was 
not  from  lack  of  effort  so  to  do. 


UNIVERSITY   } 

OF 
BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES 


Meantime  his  private  business  had  proved  successful, 
and  in  1868  he  was  about  to  retire  when  some  unfortunate 
speculations  of  his  partner  involved  the  firm  in  disaster. 
Western  competition  had  seriously  affected  the  trade  of 
Oswego,  and  Fonda  accepted  a  position  in  the  auditor's 
department  of  a  new  railroad  connecting  that  city  with 
New  York,  and  went  there  to  live  in  1871.  In  1872  he 
joined  the  engineer  department  of  the  Erie  Railroad  as 
assistant  ;  and  after  about  seven  years,  spent  .  chiefly 
in  New  York  City  but  partly  at  Elmira,  retired  from  it 
commended  for  efficiency  and  fidelity.  He  next  took 
charge  of  a  lumber  manufacturing  plant  at  Oswego,  and 
brought  order  out  of  the  chaos  in  which  he  found  it.  The 
management  of  a  large  estate  followed,  and  this  has  con- 
tinued nearly  to  the  present  time,  involving  removal  from 
Oswego  to  Syracuse.  He  writes  :  "  I  am  again  at  liberty 
to  seek  'fresh  fields  and  pastures  new.'  Activity  is  now  a 
necessity  with  me,  as  I  am  of  a  very  long-lived  family, 
strong  and  'strenuous/  in  excellent  health,  and,  Deovolente, 
hope  to  have  a  good  many  years  of  usefulness  left."  His 
address  is  107  Woodland  Avenue,  Syracuse,  New  York. 

GAY,  EBENEZER,  of  New  Hampshire.  He  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out  of  the  regular  service  as  unassigned 
Major  of  Infantry  on  January  i,  1871,  and  died  of  con- 
sumption at  the  home  of  his  mother,  in  Nashua,  New 
Hampshire,  on  September  n,  1871.  He  had  received  the 
brevets  of  Major  and  Lieutenant  Colonel  for  services  during 
the  war. 

GRACIE,  ARCHIBALD,  JR.,  of  New  York.  He  was 
educated  at  private  schools  in  New  York,  and  was  then 
sent  abroad  by  his  father,  a  prominent  banker  of  New  York, 
to  study  in  Switzerland  and  Germany.  On  his  return,  in 
1850,  he  entered  West  Point.  His  previous  education  had 
rendered  him  an  expert  linguist,  and  he  easily  took  first 


22  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

rank  in  French.  After  graduation  he  was  assigned  to  the 
4th  Infantry,  with  station  at  Fort  Vancouver,  where  he 
arrived  in  November,  1854.  After  active  service  in  the  • 
Indian  wars  in  that  region  he  was  promoted  to  be  Second 
Lieutenant  in  the  5th  Infantry,  March  3,  1855,  but  was 
retained  at  Fort  Vancouver  until  February,  1856,  when  he 
was  ordered  to  join  his  regiment,  then  serving  in  Texas. 
At  his  father's  request  he  resigned  his  commission  on 
May  31,  1856.  In  November  of  that  year  he  married 
Miss  Mayo,  of  Richmond,  Virginia;  and  on  April  I,  1857, 
he  was  taken  into  partnership  with  his  father,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Archibald  Gracie  and  Son,  and  took  charge 
of  the  branch  cotton  and  insurance  business  in  Mobile  and 
New  Orleans.  He  made  his  home  in  Mobile,  where  was 
born  his  son  Archibald,  to  whom  I  am  debtor  for  many 
of  these  personal  items. 

He  was  asked  to  join  a  local  company,  known  as  the 
Washington  Light  Infantry,  and  was  elected  and  commis- 
sioned Captain  of  it  by  the  Governor  on  April  19,  1860. 
Under  instructions  of  the  latter,  in  January,  1861,  he  com- 
manded an  expedition,  consisting  of  his  company  and  the 
Mobile  Rifles,  which  seized  the  Mount  Vernon  Arsenal, 
containing  a  large  supply  of  arms  and  munitions  of  war. 
On  April  28  his  company  was  ordered  to  Montgomery,  and 
was  mustered  into  service  as  Company  E  of  the  3d  Alabama 
Infantry.  It  was  at  once  ordered  to  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
where  on  July  12  he  was  appointed  Major  of  the  nth  Ala- 
bama Infantry,  which  he  joined  at  Centerville.  In  the 
spring  of  1862  the  regiment,  forming  part  of  Wilcox's 
brigade,  was  transferred  to  Yorktown.  On  March  20 
Major  Gracie  was  detached  and  placed  in  command  of 
an  independent  battalion  of  sharpshooters,  serving  on  the 
extreme  right  of  the  Confederate  defensive  line.  On  the 
retreat  it  took  part  in  a  skirmish,  for  which  it  received 
commendation  from  General  Johnston.  In  May,  1862, 
while  on  the  Chickahominy,  Gracie  was  elected  Colonel 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  23 

of  the  43d  Alabama  Infantry,  and  was  ordered  to  report 
with  it  at  Chattanooga.  The  return  of  the  Army  of 
East  Tennessee  for  July  3,  1862,  shows  him  as  Colonel 
of  the  43d  Regiment,  commanding  the  ist  Brigade  of  the 
2d  Division.  In  the  reorganization  of  the  army  under 
General  E.  K.  Smith,  on  October  31,  1862,  he  appears 
as  commanding  the  2d  Brigade  of  the  3d  Division.  On 
August  15  he  commanded  in  the  successful  affair  at  Hunts- 
ville,  and  later  took  part  in  the  invasion  of  Kentucky  under 
General  E.  K.  Smith.  He  was  promoted  to  be  Brigadier 
General  in  the  Provisional  Army,  dating  from  November  4, 
1862.  Until  the  advent  of  General  Longstreet's  command 
from  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  he  served  in  East 
Tennessee,  often  in  command  at  Cumberland  Gap  or  oper- 
ating in  the  vicinity.  In  August,  1863,  he  joined  General 
Bragg's  army  at  Chattanooga,  and  in  the  battle  of  Chicka- 
mauga,  on  September  20,  his  brigade,  serving  on  the  left 
wing,  made  three  brilliant  charges  on  Snodgrass  Ridge ; 
Gracie  himself  had  two  horses  shot  under  him.  In  Long- 
street's  demonstration  against  General  Burnside  at  Knox- 
ville,  Grade's  brigade  formed  part  of  the  division  of  General 
Bushrod  R.  Johnson,  and  took  part  in  the  affair  of  Bean's 
Station,  December  14,  1863.  Here  Gracie  received  a  severe 
flesh  wound  in  the  arm,  and  General  Longstreet,  in  his 
report  of  the  campaign,  mentions  it,  and  thanks  the  bri- 
gade "for  their  very  creditable  part  in  the  affair."  The 
brigade  continued  to  serve  in  Johnson's  Division  until 
April  25,  1864,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Richmond,  where 
on  May  6  it  formed  part  of  Ransom's  Division  under  Gen- 
eral Beauregard,  taking  station  first  at  Drewry's  Bluff.  It 
was  engaged  in  the  action  of  May  16,  and  was  specially 
commended  by  General  Ransom.  It  remained  on  James 
River  or  in  front  of  the  lines  of  Bermuda  Hundreds  until 
about  the  middle  of  June,  when  it  was  transferred  to 
Petersburg,  arriving  in  time  to  be  heavily  engaged  in  the 
action  of  June  17.  It  then  occupied  a  position  on  the  new 


24  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

lines  between  the  Appomattox  River  and  the  Burnside 
mine,  where,  as  the  daily  reports  show,  it  suffered  severely 
from  the  frequent  mortar  and  picket  firing  which  prevailed 
there  night  and  day.  On  December  2,  1864,  General  Gracie 
himself  was  killed  near  the  crater  by  a  shell  fired  from 
Fort  Morton.  It  struck  the  crest  of  the  parapet,  and  ex- 
ploding killed  the  General  and  two  men  standing  near  him. 
As  in  the  case  of  Pegram,  his  commission  as  Major  General 
is  said  to  have  been  prepared,  but  had  not  been  forwarded 
at  the  date  of  his  death. 

In  a  letter  written  by  General  Lee  to  his  widow,  in- 
closing his  own  photograph,  he  said :  "  I  inclose  the 
photograph  you  desire.  It  may  serve  to  remind  you  of 
one  who  from  his  first  acquaintance  with  your  noble 
husband,  then  a  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy, 
discerned  his  worth  and  high  sense  of  honor,  and  whose 
esteem  and  admiration  for  him  increased  to  the  day  of 
his  death." 

GREBLE,  JOHN  TROUT,  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was 
the  first  officer  of  the  Class,  and  of  the  old  Army,  to  fall 
in  what  to  us,  sons  of  a  common  Alma  Mater,  was  literally 
a  fratricidal  conflict.  It  is  safe  to  assert  that  the  news  of 
his  death  brought  sorrow  to  all  of  us,  whether  under  the 
stars  and  stripes  or  under  the  stars  and  bars,  for  we  all 
loved  him.  He  had  been  serving  a  tour  of  duty  at  West 
Point,  when,  in  October,  1860,  he  was  assigned  to  duty 
at  the  Artillery  School  at  Fort  Monroe.  In  May,  1861, 
he  was  placed  on  ordnance  duty  at  Newport  News,  and 
in  June  he  accompanied  the  expedition  to  Big  Bethel  in 
command  of  two  field  guns.  After  the  repulse  of  the 
Infantry  he  covered  their  withdrawal  with  so  much  skill 
that  he  prevented  it  from  becoming  a  rout.  Having  accom- 
plished this  purpose  he  had  given  the  order  to  retire  his 
guns  when  he  was  struck  by  a  cannon  ball  and  instantly 
killed.  General  G.  K.  Warren,  then  Lieutenant  Colonel 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  2$ 

of  the  5th  New  York  Infantry,  on  learning  of  his  death 
went  back  at  once  with  about  ten  men,  and,  leaving  them 
under  cover,  advanced  alone  and  carried  the  body  in  his 
arms  to  an  abandoned  limber,  which  was  then  drawn  off 
by  his  party.  The  brevets  of  Captain,  Major,  and  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  were  conferred  upon  Lieutenant  Greble  for 
conspicuous  gallantry  on  this  occasion.  His  son  graduated 
at  West  Point  in  1881,  was  assigned  to  his  father's  regi- 
ment, and  is  now  a  Major  in  the  Artillery  Corps,  having 
served  on  the  Volunteer  Staff  in  the  war  with  Spain. 

GREEN,  JACKSON  W.,  of  California.  He  has  reversed 
the  initials  of  his  name,  now  signing  it  Wharton  J.  Green. 
He  was  born  in  the  territory  of  Florida,  and  was  the  first 
to  receive  a  Cadet  appointment  from  California,  which  he 
never  saw  until  forty  years  later.  At  the  time  his  father, 
General  Thomas  J.  Green,  was  temporarily  a  resident  of 
that  territory  and  member  of  the  legislature.  After  leaving 
the  Academy  he  studied  law  in  the  University  of  Virginia 
and  in  Cumberland  University,  and  received  a  license  to 
practice  before  the  Supreme  Court ;  but  he  soon  abandoned 
the  profession  and  became  a  farmer  in  North  Carolina.  He 
inherited  a  love  for  the  military  service  from  his  father,  who 
had  taken  an  active  part  in  the  struggle  for  Texan  inde- 
pendence, and  when  the  war  became  threatening  he  joined 
one  of  the  first  three  companies  to  go  into  camp,  the  War- 
ren Guards.  He  soon  became  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the 
2d  North  Carolina  Battalion  of  the  Confederate  Army, 
largely  recruited  through  his  instrumentality,  and  saw 
service  with  the  eastern  armies,  being  captured  at  Roanoke 
Island  and  exchanged.  He  was  again  captured  at  Gettys- 
burg, and  was  exchanged  only  just  before  the  end  of  the 
war.  After  the  war  he  was  a  delegate  to  several  Democratic 
conventions,  and  represented  his  district  in  the  Forty-eighth 
and  Forty-ninth  Congress  at  Washington,  being  the  only 
member  of  the  Class  to  attain  this  honor.  That  the  old 


26  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

Class  feeling  is  still  warm  with  him  is  shown  by  the  fol- 
lowing extract  from  a  recent  printed  article  from  his  pen, 
describing  a  visit  to  Gettysburg  in  1903,  where  he  met 
some  of  the  other  members  :  "  The  spirit  of  class  cama- 
raderie (as  the  French  term  it)  was  stronger  in  that  school 
than  in  any  other  institution  organized  of  man  before  or 
since.  The  bond  of  the  crusade  was  strong,  and  so  is  that 
of  societies  of  cabalistic  Greek  letters  in  the  modern  college, 
but  neither  reached  the  unstudied  altitude  of  the  standard 
there  prevailing.  Upon  that  highland  Hudson  cliff,  nearly 
a  hundred  years  anterior  consecrated  to  freedom  and  the 
rights  of  man,  were  wont  annually  to  assemble  about  one 
hundred  young  men  of  all  recognized  rank,  station,  and 
conditions  of  life  from  every  quarter,  knowing  nothing  of 
each  other  or  of  each  others'  antecedents,  and  nothing 
caring,  simply  content  by  touch  and  contact  to  let  each 
one  show  what  was  in  him.  If  the  man,  he  was  the 
recognized  man  thenceforth  until  he  proved  himself  less 
than  man ;  if  a  dog,  of  currish  instincts,  he  went  to  the 
dogs,  and  there  he  stayed.  Was  ever  aristocracy  of  grander 
type  or  conception  ?  There  was  the  son  of  the  mechanic, 
the  farmer,  the  millionaire,  starting  the  race  together,  with 
no  adventitious  advantage  or  serious  drawback  by  reason 
of  paternity  or  pedigree.  Such  was  the  <  West  Point '  of 
half  a  century  bygone,  where  truth,  fidelity  to  plight,  good- 
fellowship,  good  horsemanship,  good  marksmanship,  were 
taught  and  inculcated  to  a  degree  unknown  to  any  school 
in  Scythia  of  old,  or  any  school  subsequent  in  or  out  of 
Scythia.  We  lived  together  in  Arcadian  simplicity  and 
brotherly  love  until  the  edict  went  forth,  'Up  and  cut 
each  others'  throats.'  In  obedience  to  unquestioning  man- 
date it  was  done."  Our  classmate's  present  address  is 
Fayetteville,  North  Carolina. 

GUION,  ALEXANDER  HENDERSON,  of  North  Caro- 
lina.    It  is  reported  and  believed  that  he  died  soon  after 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  27 

leaving   the   Academy,   but    neither   place  nor   date    is  of 
record. 


HARRINGTON,  FAZILO  A.,  of  New  York.  He  was 
appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  2/th  Illinois  Infantry 
on  August  10,  1 86 1,  and  was  promoted  to  be  its  Colonel  on 
April  1 6,  1862.  His  service  was  wholly  with  the  western 
armies,  and  he  took  an  active  part  in  the  earlier  campaigns. 
The  Official  Records  show  that  he  was  thanked  by  name 
by  the  Colonel  of  his  regiment  for  gallant  service  at  the 
battle  of  Belmont,  November  7,  1861  ;  and  by  the  Com- 
mander of  the  expedition  for  good  service  in  the  raid  on 
Union  City,  near  Hickman,  Kentucky,  on  March  30,  1862. 
They  also  show  that  he  was  in  command  of  a  brigade  in 
July,  1862,  ordered  to  operate  as  far  as  Decatur  by  General 
J.  D.  Morgan,  commanding  the  ist  Division  of  the  Army 
of  the  Mississippi,  and  that  on  August  3  he  was  still  with 
that  division.  The  return  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio  for 
October  8,  1862,  shows  his  regiment  as  forming  part  of 
the  ist  Brigade  of  the  ist  Division.  In  the  Stone  River 
campaign,  December  26,  1862,  to  January  5,  1863,  Har- 
rington commanded  his  regiment,  which  formed  part  of 
Bradley 's  Brigade,  3d  Division,  Right  Wing,  of  the  Army 
of  the  Cumberland ;  and  in  the  battle  of  December  3 1  he 
met  his  fate.  His  Brigade  Commander  reported:  "There 
the  brigade  met  its  chief  loss,  four  hundred  men  killed  or 
wounded  in  two  hours.  Colonel  Harrington  fell  about 
10.45  A.M.  I  cannot  forbear  to  express  the  sorrow  felt  by 
the  whole  command  at  the  loss  of  the  two  senior  officers, 
Colonels  Roberts  and  Harrington.  They  had  served  with 
the  brigade  since  April,  1862,  and  each  had  been  in  com- 
mand of  it  for  a  considerable  time.  Long  service  had  made 
the  command  familiar  to  them,  and  inspired  them  with  con- 
fidence in  their  judgment  and  skill.  They  fell  in  exactly 
the  line  of  their  duty,  and  each  met  a  soldier's  death 
bravely."  His  division  commander  reported:  "It  is  also 


28  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

my  sad  duty  to  record  the  death  of  Colonel  F.  A.  Har- 
rington, of  2 /th  Illinois,  who  fell  heroically  leading  his 
regiment  to  the  charge."  General  A.  McD.  McCook,  com- 
manding the  Right  Wing,  reported :  "  Such  men  as  *  *  * 
Harrington  *  *  *  who  fell  vindicating  their  flag,  will  never 
be  forgotten  by  a  grateful  country."  One  of  the  Class  met 
him  at  Nashville  shortly  before  the  battle,  and  writes :  "  He 
had  an  excellent  reputation,  and  one  of  the  best  regiments 
of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  He  would,  I  think,  have 
been  made  a  general  officer  had  he  lived."  Another  writes  : 
"  He  had  the  reputation  of  being  one  of  the  best  officers 
in  his  division."  As  one  of  his  roommates  in  Old  North 
Barracks  during  our  plebe  year  I  knew  him  well,  and 
cherish  the  memory  of  our  warm  friendship. 

HAYNES,  LAWRENCE  BALDWIN,  of  Louisiana. 
He  was  born  in  Wilkinson  County,  Mississippi,  on  April  10, 
1834,  in  an  old  homestead  that  had  been  in  the  family  since 
the  state  was  a  territory,  but  his  father  soon  moved  to  the 
parish  of  East  Feliciana,  Louisiana,  from  which  he  received 
his  appointment.  After  leaving  West  Point  he  finished  his 
education  at  the  Western  Military  Institute,  Kentucky,  and 
later  accepted  an  appointment  in  the  United  States  Treas- 
ury Department.  When  Louisiana  seceded  he  resigned 
and  returned  home,  and  on  February  i,  1861,  was  appointed 
First  Lieutenant  in  the  ist  Louisiana  Artillery,  which  was 
sent  to  garrison  the  forts  on  the  Gulf  coast.  Serving  on 
an  improvised  gunboat,  the  Governor  Moore,  in  a  metie 
with  Admiral  Farragut's  fleet,  the  vessel  was  disabled  and 
run  aground,  and  Haynes  was  captured  and  sent  to  Fort 
Warren  in  Boston  Harbor.  On  being  exchanged  he  re- 
joined his  regiment,  then  at  Vicksburg,  where  as  Captain 
he  commanded  one  of  the  batteries  on  the  bluff  before 
and  during  the  siege.  One  of  his  guns  near  General  Lee's 
headquarters,  known  as  "Whistling  Dick,"  had  frequent 
engagements  with  the  naval  gunboats,  and  gave  a  good 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  29 

account  of  itself.  After  the  surrender  Haynes  went  into 
the  parole  camp  until  exchanged,  when  he  rejoined  his 
regiment  at  Mobile.  At  the  evacuation  he  was  sent  to 
Meridian,  Mississippi,  where  he  was  stationed  until  the 
end  of  the  war.  Since  that  time  life  with  him  has  been 
hard,  as  has  been  the  case  with  many  veterans,  and  his 
health  in  June,  1905,  was  poor.  His  latest  address  is 
Woodville,  Wilkinson  County,  Mississippi. 

HOLLOWAY,  EZEKIEL  FIELD,  of  Kentucky.  It  is 
currently  reported  that  during  the  war  he  served  in  Ken- 
tucky in  command  of  a  company  of  Cavalry,  but  on  which 
side  is  uncertain,  as  accounts  differ.  I  received  a  letter 
from  him  not  long  afterward,  but  upon  another  subject. 
He  had  studied  law,  but  after  the  war  devoted  the  latter 
part  of  his  life  to  teaching  school.  He  died  from  the 
effects  of  pneumonia  near  Richmond  in  Madison  County, 
Kentucky,  on  March  24,  1888,  leaving  a  widow  and  five 
children. 

HYDE,  BREED  NOYES,  of  Vermont.  He  is  the  son  of 
Brevet  Major  Russel  B.  Hyde,  of  the  Regular  Army,  who 
served  in  the  war  of  1813-14.  When  hostilities  became 
threatening  the  son  was  appointed  Aide-de-camp  to  Gov- 
ernor Fairbanks,  of  Vermont,  with  the  rank  of  Colonel ; 
and  in  April,  1861,  he  was  charged  with  receiving,  drilling, 
and  organizing  the  Volunteer  Militia  ordered  to  assemble 
at  St.  Johnsbury.  Among  other  regiments  he  thus  organ- 
ized and  drilled  was  the  3d  Vermont  Infantry,  of  which 
he  soon  accepted  the  Lieutenant  Colonelcy  under  Captain 
W.  F.  Smith,  Topographical  Engineers,  as  Colonel.  The 
regiment  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service  on 
June  6,  1 86 1,  and  proceeded  to  Washington,  where  it  took 
station  at  Chain  Bridge.  Colonel  Smith  was  appointed 
Brigadier  General  of  Volunteers  on  August  13,  1861,  and 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Hyde  was  promoted  to  the  vacancy. 


30  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

The  regiment  took  part  in  the  Peninsular  campaign,  and 
on  the  Chickahominy  was  charged  with  constructing  the 
approaches  to  the  Woodbury  Bridge,  receiving  commenda- 
tion from  General  McClellan  in  person  for  the  expeditious 
and  efficient  manner  in  which  the  work  was  done.  But 
Colonel  Hyde's  health  broke  down  from  exposure  to  the 
malaria  of  the  region,  and  he  was  sent  to  the  rear  to 
recuperate.  Returning  too  soon,  he  suffered  a  relapse 
which  incapacitated  him  for  active  service.  He  was  honor- 
ably discharged  in  February,  1863.  During  his  term  of 
duty  he  was  president  of  several  courts-martial,  and  was 
a  member  of  a  board  of  three  officers,  of  which  General 
Hancock  was  president,  to  ascertain  the  qualifications  of 
certain  Volunteer  officers  to  perform  their  duties.  Over 
fifty  cases  were  acted  upon.  Since  the  war,  after  residing 
for  some  years  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  he  has  made  his 
home  in  Pottsville,  Pennsylvania,  which  is  his  present 
address. 

JESUP,  WILLIAM  CROGHAN,  at  large.  But  little 
has  been  learned  of  his  career,  but  he  is  reported  to  have 
died  many  years  ago,  having  served  on  the  Confederate 
side  in  the  war. 

JORDAN,  JOHN  V.,  of  Pennsylvania.  It  is  reported 
that  he  was  in  New  York  City  about  1880,  advocating 
the  Cuban  cause  and  connected  with  what  was  called  the 
Cuban  Junta.  Nothing  definite  has  been  learned  respecting 
his  war  record. 

KEARNEY,  WILLIAM,  at  large.  He  is  said  to  have 
served  as  Aide-de-camp  on  the  Staff  both  of  General  Magruder 
and  General  Hardee,  having  the  rank  of  Captain  or  Major. 
After  the  war  he  married  and  resided  at  San  Antonio,  Texas, 
becoming  a  commission  merchant.  He  died  on  May  30, 
1893.  The  Official  Records  of  the  war  show  that  First 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  31 

Lieutenant  W.  Kearney,  Confederate  States  Army,  was 
sent,  on  August  7,  1862,  to  Brigadier  General  Brown,  com- 
manding Springfield,  Missouri,  to  negotiate  an  exchange 
of  prisoners.  This  flag  of  truce  was  sent  by  Colonel 
Charles  A.  Carroll,  commanding  the  forces  in  Northwest 
Arkansas. 

KENAN,  LEWIS  HOLMES,  of  Georgia.  He  entered 
West  Point  from  the  Hallowell  Academy  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia.  The  following  notes  are  based  on  the  In-Memo- 
riam  Report  adopted  by  the  Milledgeville  Lodge,  No.  115, 
Independent  Order  of  Good  Templars,  on  July  21,  1871, 
supplemented  by  information  received  from  the  family : 

In  1853  he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Senate  of 
Georgia,  and  in  185$  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed law  with  his  father  until  the  outbreak  of  the  war 
in  1 86 1.  He  was  early  commissioned  to  be  Captain  of 
Company  I,  ist  Georgia  Regulars,  and  served  gallantly 
in  that  grade  during  the  entire  war.  In  the  summer  of 
1864  he  was  seriously  wounded  in  the  leg  at  John's  Island, 
South  Carolina,  and  was  invalided  in  consequence  when 
Sherman's  Army  passed  through  Georgia.  He  recovered, 
and  after  the  war  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate.  On  July  3,  1871,  he  died  by  the  hand  of  violence 
on  a  street  of  his  native  city,  Milledgeville,  assassinated 
by  a  ruffian  whose  life  he  had  saved  before  a  jury.  Soon 
after  leaving  West  Point  he  had  accepted  the  commission 
of  Lieutenant  in  the  Baldwin  County  Blues,  and  the  above 
mentioned  report  commends  in  high  terms  his  military 
services  during  the  war,  his  comrades  ranking  him  as 
"foremost  among  his  equals." 

LASHBROOKE,  PETER,  of  Kentucky.  In  1858  he 
was  in  California.  Later  he  resided  at  Maysville,  Ken- 
tucky, from  which  a  definite  statement  that  he  is  dead 
has  been  received,  but  giving  neither  date  nor  place. 
Nothing  respecting  his  war  record  has  been  learned. 


32  HALF   CENTURY   RECORD 

LEECH,  WILLIAM  ALBERT,  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
served  as  Major  of  the  I7th  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  a  three 
months  regiment,  from  April  25,  1861,  to  its  muster  out 
on  August  2,  1 86 1.  He  reentered  the  Volunteer  service 
as  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  9<Dth  Pennsylvania  Infantry 
on  February  19,  1862.  His  service  throughout  the  entire 
war  was  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  often  in  command 
of  his  regiment,  and  he  received  the  brevets  of  Colonel 
and  Brigadier  General  for  gallant  services.  He  married 
the  sister  of  Greble  of  the  Class,  and  was  an  attorney 
at  law,  after  the  war,  until  his  death  at  Philadelphia  on 
July  20,  1870. 

LEE,  G.  W.  C.,  at  large.  Early  in  1861  he  was  on  duty 
as  assistant  in  the  office  of  the  Chief  Engineer  of  the 
Army,  and  had  been  charged  by  General  Totten  with 
the  duty  of  putting  Fort  Washington  in  a  state  of  defense. 
Unwilling  to  tender  his  resignation  leaving  an  important 
duty  unperformed,  he  withheld  it  for  several  days  after 
his  father  had  left  the  service,  and  it  was  accepted  on 
May  2.  He  was  appointed  Major  in  the  Provisional  Army 
of  Virginia  on  May  10,  and  Captain  of  Engineers  in  the 
Confederate  Army  on  July  i,  1861.  He  was  engaged  in 
the  construction  of  the  fortifications  of  Richmond ;  was 
appointed  Aide-de-camp  on  the  Staff  of  President  Davis, 
with  the  rank  of  Colonel  of  Cavalry,  on  August  31,  1861  ; 
was  promoted  to  be  Brigadier  General  on  June  25,  1863, 
and  placed  in  command  of  the  local  defenses  of  Richmond ; 
was  made  Major  General  on  October  20,  1864,  and  com- 
manded a  division  that  after  gallant  service  at  Sailor's 
Creek  shared  the  general  fate  of  the  Army.  After  the 
war  he  became  professor  of  military  and  civil  engineering 
and  applied  mechanics  at  the  Virginia  Military  Institute, 
holding  office  from  October  i,  1865,  to  February  i,  1871, 
when  he  succeeded  his  father  as  president  of  the  Wash- 
ington and  Lee  University,  retiring  in  July,  1897,  and 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  33 

becoming  president  emeritus.  The  degree  of  LL.D.  was 
conferred  upon  him  by  Tulane  University  in  1887,  and  he 
was  elected  fellow  of  the  Society  of  Sciences,  Letters,  and 
Arts,  of  England,  in  1888.  His  present  address  is  Post 
Office  Burke,  Fairfax  County,  Virginia. 

LEE,  STEPHEN  DILL,  of  South  Carolina.  He  resigned 
on  February  20,  1861,  and  prior  to  the  fall  of  Fort  Sumter 
was  a  Captain  of  South  Carolina  troops,  serving  as  Aide- 
de-camp  to  General  Beauregard.  With  Colonel  Chestnut 
he  carried  the  order  to  open  fire  upon  the  fort.  Soon 
after  he  was  appointed  Captain  in  the  Confederate  Army, 
and  went  to  Virginia  in  command  of  the  light  battery  of 
the  Hampton  Legion.  On  November  8,  1861,  he  was 
promoted  to  be  Major  in  the  Provisional  Army;  on 
May  9,  1862,  Lieutenant  Colonel;  and  in  July,  1862, 
Colonel  of  Artillery.  He  took  part  in  the  battles  near 
Richmond  in  1862,  temporarily  commanding  the  4th  Vir- 
ginia Cavalry  in  a  manner  to  win  the  commendation  of 
General  Lee.  In  the  Pope  campaign  he  again  distin- 
guished himself  in  command  of  a  battalion  of  artillery, 
and  was  promoted  to  be  Brigadier  General  for  conspicuous 
services  at  Antietam,  dating  from  November  6,  1862. 
With  this  new  rank  he  was  transferred  to  the  west  to 
command  the  garrison  and  river  batteries  at  Vicksburg. 
During  the  siege  he  took  an  active  part  in  the  battles 
both  before  and  outside  the  defenses.  On  being  exchanged, 
after  the  surrender,  he  was  promoted  to  be  Major  General, 
dating  from  August  3,  1863,  and  was  assigned  to  command 
all  the  Cavalry  east  of  the  Mississippi.  When  General  Polk 
was  transferred  to  Dalton,  General  Lee  succeeded  him  in 
command  of  the  department,  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant 
General,  dating  from  June  23,  1864,  and  when  General 
Hood  relieved  General  Johnston  he  was  assigned  to  com- 
mand the  Corps  of  the  former.  He  was  actively  engaged 
in  the  campaign,  being  wounded  in  a  rear  guard  fight  on 


34  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

the  day  after  the  battle  of  Nashville,  but  was  able  to 
resume  the  command  of  his  Corps  in  North  Carolina  before 
the  final  surrender  of  General  Johnston.  For  further  details 
of  his  war  record  see  National  Cyclopedia  of  American 
Biography,  Volume  V,  page  414. 

The  war  being  over,  General  Lee  became  a  planter  in 
Mississippi,  and  later  the  president  of  the  Mississippi 
Agricultural  and  Mechanical  College  from  the  date  of  its 
opening  in  1880  to  1899,  wnen  he  resigned  to  become  a 
commissioner  of  the  Vicksburg  National  Military  Park. 
He  has  been  chosen  Commanding  General  of  the  United 
Confederate  Veterans.  Although  generally  holding  himself 
aloof  from  politics,  he  served  one  term  as  State  Senator, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention  that 
framed  the  present  constitution  of  Mississippi.  His  present 
address  is  Columbus,  Mississippi. 

General  Lee  has  contributed  several  important  papers 
relative  to  the  western  campaigns,  especially  those  in  and 
about  Vicksburg,  to  the  Mississippi  Historical  Society,  of 
which  he  is  president ;  and  in  the  twelfth  volume  of  the 
Confederate  Military  History  edited  by  General  Evans  will 
be  found  an  interesting  paper  from  his  pen,  entitled,  "  The 
South  Since  the  War."  As  will  be  seen  from  the  following 
tables,  it  was  General  Lee's  fortune  to  attain  higher  mili- 
tary rank  than  any  other  of  the  Class,  and  his  record  shows 
that  it  was  won  by  gallant  and  distinguished  service.  He 
voiced  his  West  Point  training  when,  on  July  4,  1894,  he 
said  at  Jackson,  Mississippi :  "  If  we  wish  our  children  to 
love  our  country,  they  must  be  taught  to  love  its  flag  and 
be  proud  of  it.  It  is  an  object  lesson  of  patriotism.  It 
floats  over  a  grand  country  and  a  proud  and  loyal  peo- 
ple, who  have  been  tried  by  fire  and  blood,  foreign  and 
internal." 

LONG,  JOHN  OSMOND,  at  large.  He  attained  the 
grade  of  Colonel  and  Inspector  General  in  the  Confederate 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  35 

service,  and  was  captured  in  the  Peninsular  campaign  of 
1862.  After  the  war  he  held  the  appointment  of  barrack 
master  at  Tampa,  Florida,  for  a  few  years,  but  in  a  moment 
of  desperation  shot  himself  to  death  there  on  August  3, 
1875,  aged  forty-two  years. 

MERCER,  JOHN  T.,  of  Georgia.  After  resigning  his 
commission,  on  April  26,  1861,  he  returned  to  Georgia; 
and  on  the  official  return  of  troops  mustered  into  the 
Confederate  service  of  date  September  30,  1861,  his  name 
appears  as  Lieutenant  Colonel  commanding  the  2ist  Georgia 
Infantry  serving  at  Manassas.  On  the  return  dated  Decem- 
ber 31,  1 86 1,  he  is  borne  as  Colonel  of  that  regiment,  which 
it  is  noted  is  enlisted  for  the  war.  It  took  part  in  the 
operations  in  the  valley  of  Virginia  between  May  23  and 
June  9,  1862;  and  General  Ewell,  in  his  report,  notes: 
"The  2 ist  Georgia,  Colonel  Mercer,  gallantly  dashed  into 
the  western  part  of  the  town  [Winchester]  and  drove  back 
the  advanced  posts  of  the  enemy."  In  his  report  of  the 
action  at  Cross  Keys  he  states,  "That  officer  is  reported 
to  have  handled  his  regiment  with  great  skill."  This 
doubtless  refers  to  the  report  of  Mercer's  brigade  com- 
mander, General  Trimble,  who  mentions  him  with  commen- 
dation. In  the  Chancellorsville  campaign  Mercer  also 
distinguished  himself ;  and  General  Doles,  his  brigade 
commander,  wrote  of  him,  "  I  cannot  speak  in  terms  too 
high."  On  May  20,  1863,  General  Lee  recommended  him 
to  President  Davis  to  command  a  brigade,  adding,  "He  has 
been  educated  at  West  Point  and  served  several  years  in 
the  army."  This  seems  to  have  been  without  effect,  since 
in  the  Gettysburg  campaign  the  returns  show  him  as  com- 
manding his  regiment  forming  part  of  Doles's  Brigade, 
Rodes's  Division,  of  the  2d  Corps.  Mercer's  own  report 
shows  that  the  regiment  was  engaged  in  and  near  the 
town  and  did  effective  service,  although  not  suffering  seri- 
ous loss.  At  Mine  Run  it  was  in  position,  but  did  not 


36  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

take  an  active  part.  The  return  of  December  31,  1863, 
shows  the  regiment  still  in  Doles's  Brigade,  but  soon  after 
it  was  detached  to  accompany  General  Hoke's  expedition 
against  Plymouth,  North  Carolina.  Another  regiment  of 
the  brigade  went  with  it,  and  it  appears  that  Mercer  com- 
manded both;  for  in  the  action  of  February  i,  1864,  near 
Stevens  Fork,  he  commanded  two  regiments  in  a  success- 
ful flanking  movement.  On  April  14,  1864,  he  was  relieved 
from  the  command  of  the  outposts  at  Kinston,  and  took 
part  in  the  attack  on  Plymouth.  On  the  i8th  he  fell  in 
leading  the  assault  on  redoubt  No.  85  of  the  defenses  of 
that  place. 

In  our  last  year  at  West  Point  Mercer  and  myself  were 
thrown  much  together  by  objects  of  common  interest,  in- 
cluding pistol  shooting.  We  had  brought  one  back  from 
furlough,  and  we  frequently  practiced  together  on  a  narrow 
ledge  below  Flirtation  Walk  on  Saturday  afternoons.  This 
ledge  was  invisible  from  above  and  had  two  exits  in  oppo- 
site directions,  in  case  a  sudden  retreat  should  become 
necessary  by  reason  of  Sergeant  Owens.  Mercer  was  an 
excellent  shot,  and  his  soldierly  character  inspired  the 
respect  and  regard  of  all  who  knew  him  intimately. 

MONTGOMERY,  JAMES  G.,  at  large.  He  entered  the 
Confederate  service  in  April,  1861,  in  a  regiment  known 
as  the  ist  Georgia  Regulars.  At  one  time  it  formed 
part  of  General  Toombs's  Brigade,  but  was  transferred  to 
that  of  General  Anderson  before  the  battle  at  Sharpsburg, 
September  17,  1862,  when  Montgomery,  having  attained  the 
rank  of  Senior  Captain,  was  so  seriously  wounded  in  the 
head  by  a  bullet  as  to  be  incapacitated  for  further  service 
during  the  war.  Subsequently  he  was  for  a  time  State 
librarian  of  Georgia,  and  later  was  the  first  incumbent 
of  the  office  of  school  commissioner  of  that  State.  He 
removed  from  Atlanta  to  Augusta,  where  he  was  suc- 
cessively employed  in  a  bank,  in  a  warehouse,  and  in  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  37 

railroad  service.  He  then  became  treasurer  of  his  town, 
and  finally  has  retired  from  active  business.  His  present 
address  is  Augusta,  Georgia. 

MULLINS,  JOHN,  of  Mississippi.  His  early  home  was 
near  Oxford,  Lafayette  County,  Mississippi.  Resigning 
his  commission  in  April,  1861,  his  first  service  in  the  war 
was  as  Major  of  Cavalry,  but  he  was  soon  transferred  to 
the  i Qth  Mississippi  Infantry  as  Major,  and  rose  to  be  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel.  At  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  May  4-5, 
1862,  he  received  a  severe  wound  in  the  hip  which  disabled 
him  for  the  rest  of  the  war.  At  the  outbreak  of  hostilities, 
before  Norfolk  was  taken,  he  had  married  a  lady  residing 
near  that  city,  and  in  1867  or  1868  he  removed  from  Oxford 
to  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  made  that  his  home.  He  died 
there  on  October  3,  1891. 

O'CONNOR,  EDGAR,  of  Wisconsin.  He  resigned  his 
commission  in  the  Army  on  October  22,  1858,  and  became 
a  lumber  merchant  at  Beloit,  Michigan.  He  was  appointed 
Colonel  of  the  2d  Wisconsin  Infantry  on  August  2,  1861, 
and  assumed  command  at  Fort  Corcoran  in  the  defenses 
of  Washington  on  August  3.  He  served  continuously 
with  the  regiment,  which  when  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service  numbered  ten  hundred  and  forty-five  men. 
It  took  no  part  in  the  Peninsular  campaign,  remaining 
with  General  McDowell's  command.  In  the  Pope  cam- 
paign it  was  attached  to  Gibbon's  Brigade  of  King's  Divi- 
sion, and  in  the  battle  of  August  28,  1862,  while  advancing 
from  Gainesville  toward  Centerville,  Colonel  O'Connor  was 
killed.  General  Gibbon  reported :  "  The  gallant  Colonel 
O'Connor,  2d  Wisconsin,  fell  mortally  wounded  while 
placing  his  regiment  in  position."  In  his  report  to  Gen- 
eral Pope  General  McDowell  states:  "The  troops  behaved 
most  creditably.  The  loss  in  Gibbon's  Brigade  was  severe 
in  both  officers  and  men.  The  gallant  Colonel  O'Connor, 


38  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

2d  Wisconsin  *  *  *  were  killed."  That  he  was  a  sterling 
man  is  known  to  the  Class,  and  to  none  better  than  to 
myself,  who  was  his  roommate  for  several  months. 

PEGRAM,  JOHN,  of  Virginia.  Shortly  after  his  resigna- 
tion, in  May,  1861,  he  was  appointed  Captain  of  Cavalry 
in  the  Confederate  Army  and  was  rapidly  promoted,  serv- 
ing as  Lieutenant  Colonel  in  the  opening  campaign  in 
West  Virginia,  where,  with  his  command  of  about  five 
hundred  men,  he  was  captured  by  General  McClellan  in 
June,  1 86 1.  After  exchange  he  served  as  Chief  Engineer 
on  the  Staff  of  General  Bragg,  and  later  as  Chief  of  Staff 
to  General  E.  K.  Smith.  He  was  promoted  to  be  Brigadier 
General  on  November  7,  1862,  and  was  assigned  to  a  Cav- 
alry command  in  the  west,  where  he  served  until  after  the 
battle  of  Chickamauga  in  1863.  He  was  then  assigned 
to  an  Infantry  command  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia, serving  for  a  short  time  in  the  valley,  but  chiefly 
with  the  main  Army.  Early  in  1864  he  was  wounded, 
but  not  severely ;  but  in  command  of  Early's  old  division 
he  received  another  and  fatal  wound  at  Hatcher's  Run, 
which  caused  his  death  on  February  6,  1865.  He  had 
married  Miss  Cary,  of  Baltimore,  only  a  few  days  before. 
His  commission  of  Major  General  is  said  to  have  been 
made  out  at  the  time  of  his  death.  His  bright,  intelligent 
face  and  genial  ways  at  West  Point  will  be  forgotten  by 
none  of  us. 

FENDER,  WILLIAM  DORSEY,  of  North  Carolina. 
He  resigned  his  commission  in  March,  1861,  and  was 
very  early  appointed  Captain  of  Artillery  in  the  Provisional 
Army,  first  recruiting  in  Baltimore.  On  May  16,  1861,  he 
was  elected  Colonel  of  the  3d  North  Carolina  Infantry, 
and  on  August  15  was  transferred  to  the  6th  Regiment 
of  that  State.  At  the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks  he  was  pro- 
moted on  the  field,  by  President  Davis,  to  be  Brigadier 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  39 

General,  his  commission  dating  June  3,  1862.  He  was 
wounded  at  Chantilly,  and  again  at  Fredericksburg,  and 
again  at  Chancellorsville.  On  May  27,  1863,  he  was  pro- 
moted to  be  Major  General.  He  was  mortally  wounded 
on  the  second  day  at  Gettysburg  when  commanding  a 
division  of  A.  P.  Hill's  Corps,  and  died  at  Staunton  on 
July  1 8,  1863,  after  the  amputation  of  his  leg.  General 
Lee  wrote  :  "The  loss  of  Major  General  Fender  is  severely 
felt  by  this  Army  and  the  country.  He  served  with  this 
Army  from  the  beginning  of  the  war,  and  took  a  dis- 
tinguished part  in  all  its  engagements.  Wounded  on 
several  occasions,  he  never  left  his  command  in  action 
until  he  received  the  injury  that  resulted  in  his  death." 
He  had  married  a  sister  of  Shepperd  of  the  Class. 

PHILLIPS,  JAMES  WALLACE,  of  Pennsylvania.  He, 
Harrington,  and  Bliss  were  my  roommates  in  No.  10, 
Old  North  Barracks,  during  our  plebe  year,  and  we  all 
thought  it  very  hard  that  he  should  be  compelled  to  leave 
the  Academy,  January,  1852,  solely  from  lack  of  skill  in 
drawing.  He  was  a  marvelous  swimmer,  and  I  once  saw 
him  bring  up  an  ancient  cannon  ball  off  Gee's  Point,  where 
it  had  probably  lain  since  the  Revolution.  Naturally  I 
have  made  every  effort  to  trace  his  career,  and  at  one 
time  thought  I  had  discovered  it  in  that  of  Lieutenant 
Colonel  J.  W.  Phillips,  of  the  i8th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry, 
but  it  proved  to  be  an  error.  He  was  not  our  classmate. 
Nothing  has  been  learned  respecting  the  latter  by  an 
extended  correspondence. 

RANDAL,  HORACE,  of  Texas.  Early  in  the  war  he 
raised  a  regiment  of  Texan  Cavalry,  and  commanded  a 
brigade  long  before  he  held  the  commission  of  Brigadier 
General.  His  service  was  all  in  the  west,  and  largely 
in  the  Trans-Mississippi  Department,  commanding  a  brig- 
ade in  Walker's  Division.  He  was  recommended  as  Brig- 


40  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

adier  General  by  General  E.  Kirby  Smith  on  November  8, 

1863,  for  good   conduct  in  the  battle  of  Milliken's  Bend, 
where   his   Cavalry  brigade  served  as   Infantry,  and  again 
by  General    Richard   Taylor  on    April    8,    1864,   for  good 
conduct    in    the    battle    of    Mansfield    of    that    date.      His 
commission  was  finally  issued   dating  from  April  8,    1864, 
but  did  not  come  to  hand  until  after  his  death  on  April  30, 

1864,  when  he  was  killed  in  the  battle  of  Jenkins  Ferry. 
The  following  order  was  issued  by  General  E.  Kirby  Smith 
on  May  3,   1864:   "Soldiers  of  the  Trans-Mississippi   De- 
partment :  Once  more  in  the  hour  of  victory  we  are  called 
upon  to  mourn  the  heroic  dead.     Generals  W.   R.   Scurry 
and   Horace   Randal  have  fallen  upon  the  field  of  honor. 
At   Jenkins    Ferry   they   offered   themselves    up,   precious 
victims    of   liberty.  *  *  *  The    colors    of   their   respective 
brigades  will  be  draped  in  mourning  for  thirty  days." 

ROBERTSON,  WILLIAM  R.,  of  Virginia.  General 
Custis  Lee  writes  :  "  I  either  saw  or  heard  of  Robertson 
during  the  early  part  of  the  war  (1861-65).  He  lived  in 
Lynchburg,  Virginia  ;  and  as  I  did  not  hear  anything  of 
him  during  the  time  that  I  lived  in  Lexington,  Virginia, 
not  far  off,  I  presume  he  died  during  the  war." 

ROGERS,  CHARLES  GEDDINGS,  of  Virginia.  Shortly 
after  graduating  he  married  Miss  Mary  Campbell,  and  re- 
signed his  commission  on  February  i,  1855,  to  become 
Professor  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Science  at  Giles 
College,  Pulaski,  Tennessee.  Joining  the  Confederate 
Army  in  1861,  he  held  Staff  appointments  throughout  the 
war;  first  as  Adjutant  General  to  General  Bushrod  John- 
son, then  on  the  Staff  of  General  John  C.  Brown,  and 
finally,  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  on  the  Staff 
of  General  Joseph  Wheeler,  holding  this  position  to  the 
end  of  the  war.  After  that  he  resumed  his  profession  as 
teacher  at  Memphis  until  1869,  when  he  returned  to  Giles 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  41 

College  and  remained  until  September,  1879;  tnen  g°mg 
to  Nashville,  where  he  was  at  first  an  assistant  at  the  Hume 
School,  and  then  principal  at  the  Third  Ward  School,  and 
finally,  in  1885,  was  transferred  to  the  Main  Street  School. 
As  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  at  the  Naval 
Academy  he  had  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  one  of  his 
sons  graduate,  in  1873,  number  twelve  in  his  class.  He 
died  at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  on  February  24,  1888. 

SCOTT,  WILLIAM  PARKIN,  of  Maryland.  He  was 
born  on  June  25,  1832,  and  died  on  May  4,  1875.  On 
leaving  the  Academy,  in  1854,  he  returned  to  Baltimore, 
where  he  took  up  the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1857;  he  continued  in  active  practice  until  the 
war  broke  out.  A  document  in  the  Official  Records  shows 
that  he  early  signed  a  declaration  in  favor  of  an  immediate 
recognition  of  the  independence  of  the  Confederate  States, 
and  of  the  secession  of  Maryland  in  case  Virginia  seceded. 
It  was  his  purpose,  in  1861,  to  enlist  with  his  two  brothers 
in  the  Confederate  service ;  but  being  advised  by  his  physi- 
cian that  in  the  delicate  state  of  his  health  he  could  not 
survive  the  exposure  for  three  months,  he  left  Baltimore 
for  England,  where  he  remained  until  the  close  of  the 
war.  He  returned  to  Baltimore  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law,  which  continued  to  the  time  of  his  death.  He 
never  married. 

SHERBURNE,  JOHN  P.,  of  New  Hampshire.  He  re- 
ceived the  appointment  of  Second  Lieutenant,  ist  Infantry, 
on  June  27,  1856;  First  Lieutenant  on  April  8,  1861  ; 
Captain  iQth  Infantry,  October  24,  1861  ;  Major,  Assistant 
Adjutant  General,  July  17,  1862  ;  and  was  mustered  out 
of  the  regular  service  on  December  28,  1870.  He  received 
the  brevets  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  and  Colonel  for  faithful 
and  meritorious  service.  He  was  Colonel  of  the  nth  New 
York  Cavalry  from  March  8,  1864,  to  March  15,  1865, 


42  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

when  he  resigned.  After  leaving  the  service  he  went  to 
California,  where  he  died  on  January  9,  1880. 

SMALLEY,  HENRY  ADAMS,  of  Vermont.  Having 
reached  the  grade  of  First  Lieutenant,  2d  Artillery,  on 
April  25,  1 86 1,  he  was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  5th  Ver- 
mont Infantry  on  September  16,  1861,  and  resigned  on 
September  10,  1862.  He  resigned  from  the  regular  service 
on  March  8,  1865,  and  became  assistant  editor  of  the  New 
York  Star.  Later  he  was  employed  in  the  Department  of 
Public  Works  in  New  York  City.  Still  later  he  became 
receiver  for  several  institutions  and  private  parties,  but  on 
February  2,  1877,  he  was  adjudicated  a  bankrupt.  He  died 
of  pneumonia  at  the  Roosevelt  Hospital  in  New  York  City 
on  May  13,  1888,  aged  fifty-four  years. 

SMEAD,  ABNER,  of  Georgia.  Leaving  the  United  States 
service  on  April  n,  1861,  he  held  various  Staff  positions 
in  the  Confederate  service,  attaining  the  grade  of  Colonel. 
He  was  Provost  Marshal  of  Jackson's  Corps,  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia,  and  even  then  was  suffering  from  the 
effects  of  the  fall  of  his  horse  just  before  graduation. 
Later  he  served  on  the  Staff  of  General  Early  in  the 
raid  on  Washington  in  1864,  being  his  Inspector  General. 
After  the  war  he  studied  medicine,  taught  mathematics  in 
the  University  of  Virginia,  and  practiced  medicine  in  that 
State  until  1877,  when  he  went  to  California.  He  was 
professor  of  mathematics  and  natural  sciences  at  the 
St.  Augustine  College  at  Benicia  for  some  years,  and  then 
went  to  Oregon,  where  he  became  contract  surgeon  with 
the  rank  of  Captain,  and  in  1885-86  medical  officer  at  the 
Government  works  in  progress  at  the  cascades  of  the 
Columbia.  Later  he  practiced  medicine  at  the  town  of 
Fossil,  in  Oregon,  until  1890,  when  he  returned  to  the 
East.  He  then  practiced  medicine  in  the  town  of  Salem, 
Virginia,  until  his  death,  which  occurred  on  July  24,  1904, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  43 

from  angina  pectoris.  In  early  life  he  married  the  sister 
of  Gordon,  of  the  Class,  daughter  of  Captain  Gordon, 
U.S.N.  She  survived  him  only  a  few  months,  dying  at 
Richmond,  Virginia,  in  October,  1905. 

SMEAD,  JOHN  RADCLIFF,  at  large.  At  the  out- 
break of  hostilities,  being  on  duty  with  the  Coast  Survey 
at  Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  he  was  detached,  at 
the  request  of  General  Stone,  to  serve  with  the  District 
of  Columbia  Volunteers.  He  was  assigned  to  Company  A 
of  the  3d  Battalion  (National  Rifles),  with  the  rank  of  Cap- 
tain, but  commanding  the  battalion  by  virtue  of  date  of 
commission.  He  served  with  this  command  from  April  15 
to  July  15,  1861,  taking  part  in  General  Stone's  expedition 
to  the  Upper  Potomac.  After  this  three  months'  service, 
having  in  the  meantime  been  promoted  to  be  Captain  in 
the  5th  Artillery,  he  preferred  to  join  his  battery  (K).  He 
saw  active  service  at  Yorktown,  the  Chickahominy  bridges, 
Mechanicsville,  and  Malvern  Hill ;  and  was  recommended 
for  a  brevet  by  General  Fitz  John  Porter,  on  July  16,  for 
gallant  conduct.  Attached  to  General  Morell's  Division 
of  the  5th  Corps  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  on 
August  30,  1862,  while  advancing  his  battery  in  column 
to  take  position,  he  was  struck  on  the  head  by  a  cannon 
ball  and  instantly  killed.  He  was  only  thirty-two  years  of 
age,  and  left  a  widow  and  one  son.  His  record  had  been 
so  distinguished  that  General  Barnard  recommended  that 
one  of  the  defensive  works  of  Washington  should  be  named 
in  his  honor,  and  this  was  done  by  General  Order  83, 
Adjutant  General's  Office,  April  i,  1863,  which  designated 
"  the  battery  west  of  Fort  De  Russy  "  to  bear  his  name. 

SPLANE,  PEYTON  R.,  of  Louisiana.  He  died  at 
Pattersonville,  Louisiana,  from  yellow  fever,  on  October  12, 
1854,  in  the  twenty-first  year  of  his  age.  The  following 
tribute  to  his  memory  is  quoted  from  a  newspaper  of  that 


44  HALF    CENTURY   RECORD 

date :  "  In  noticing  the  death  of  this  amiable  and  most 
worthy  young  man,  far  be  it  from  the  writer  to  murmur  at 
the  decrees  of  an  inscrutable  Providence,  or  to  indulge 
in  the  stale  adulation  of  obituary  praise.  It  would  neither 
soothe  the  sorrow  of  his  manifold  friends  nor  dispel  the 
gloom  of  a  fond  sister's  and  brother's  bereavement.  A 
more  amiable  and  promising  young  man  we  never  have 
known.  Devoted  to  his  relatives,  warmly  attached  to  his 
friends,  manly  in  bearing,  affable  in  manner,  open  and 
generous  in  disposition,  he  was  universally  esteemed  by 
his  acquaintances,  and  beloved  and  admired  by  his  friends 
and  relatives.  Stricken  down  by  an  attack  of  a  malignant 
disease,  his  naturally  delicate  constitution  suddenly  yielded ; 
and  the  patient,  after  calmly  bearing  his  intense  sufferings, 
gradually  and  without  a  murmur  sunk  to  the  tomb."  He 
was  thus  the  second  of  the  Class  to  pass  away. 

SPRATT,  JOSEPH,  of  New  York.  He  served  as  Captain 
of  Battery  H,  ist  New  York  Light  Artillery,  from  Octo- 
ber 21,  1 86 1,  until  promoted  to  be  Lieutenant  Colonel  of 
the  loth  New  York  Heavy  Artillery,  on  February  5,  1863. 
He  was  discharged  for  disability  on  April  5,  1864,  and  died 
on  April  9,  1865.  His  mother  received  a  pension. 

STUART,  JAMES  EWELL  BROWN,  of  Virginia. 
Before  resigning  his  commission  in  the  Army,  on  May  14, 
1 86 1,  he  had  been  wounded  in  an  Indian  fight  on  Solo- 
mons Fork  of  the  Kansas  River,  on  July  29,  1857,  and  had 
acted  as  aide  to  Lieutenant  Colonel  R.  E.  Lee  in  the 
suppression  of  the  John  Brown  raid  on  Harpers  Ferry  in 
October,  1859.  He  was  appointed  Lieutenant  Colonel  of 
Confederate  Infantry  on  May  10,  1861,  but  received  a 
Cavalry  command  under  General  Johnston  at  Harpers 
Ferry.  He  was  promoted  to  be  Colonel  on  July  16,  1861, 
to  be  Brigadier  General  on  September  24,  1861,  and  to  be 
Major  General  on  July  25,  1862.  He  served  throughout 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  45 

the  war  as  Commander  of  the  Cavalry  of  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia,  until  he  met  his  fate  in  the  Cavalry 
action  at  Yellow  Tavern,  Virginia,  on  May  n,  1864.  He 
was  shot  by  a  soldier  who  had  been  dismounted  in  the 
charge.  Noticing  the  retiring  ranks  of  his  disorganized 
troopers  as  he  was  carried  from  the  field,  he  cried :  "  Go 
back,  go  back  and  do  your  duty  as  I  have  done  mine,  and 
our  country  will  be  safe.  Go  back,  go  back ;  I  had  rather 
die  than  be  whipped."  These  were  his  last  words  on  the 
battlefield.  He  died  at  Richmond  on  May  12,  1864.  For 
further  details  of  his  brilliant  career  reference  is  made  to 
the  National  Encyclopedia  of  American  Biography,  Vol- 
ume IV,  page  51.  General  Lee  issued  the  following  order 
on  May  20,  1864:  "The  Commanding  General  announces 
to  the  Army,  with  heartfelt  sorrow,  the  death  of  Major 
General  J.  E.  B.  Stuart,  late  Commander  of  the  Cavalry 
Corps  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  Among  the 
gallant  soldiers  who  have  fallen  in  this  war,  General  Stuart 
was  second  to  none  in  valor,  in  zeal,  in  unflinching  devo- 
tion to  his  country.  His  achievements  form  a  conspicuous 
part  of  the  history  of  this  Army,  with  which  his  name  and 
services  will  be  forever  associated.  To  military  capacity  of 
a  high  order  and  the  noble  virtues  of  a  soldier  he  added 
the  brighter  graces  of  a  pure  life,  guided  and  sustained 
by  the  Christian's  faith  and  hope." 

THOMAS,  RICHARD,  of  Maryland.  He  became  con- 
spicuous  in  the  early  days  of  the  war  by  the  capture  of 
the  steamer  S/.  Nicholas.  He  took  passage  at  Baltimore, 
disguised  as  a  "  French  lady "  ;  and  at  night,  assisted  by 
a  few  of  his  men  on  board,  he  arrested  the  captain  and 
officers  of  the  vessel,  and  ran  her  to  Fredericksburg,  Vir- 
ginia. After  the  war  he  resided  some  years  in  Paris,  but 
returned  in  1873,  and  died  on  March  24,  1875,  at  the 
residence  of  his  brother  in  St.  Mary's  County,  Maryland. 
He  was  called  "  Colonel "  and  may  have  seen  field  service 
in  the  war,  although  no  record  of  it  has  been  discovered. 


46  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

TURNBULL,  CHARLES  NESBIT,  at  large.  His 
father,  Major  William  Turnbull,  Topographical  Engineers, 
was  a  distinguished  officer,  who  received  two  brevets  for 
gallant  service  in  the  battles  near  the  city  of  Mexico. 
The  son  accompanied  the  expedition  to  New  Orleans  in 
November,  1861,  having  the  rank  of  First  Lieutenant 
Topographical  Engineers,  but  soon  returned  sick.  He  was 
assigned  to  recruiting  the  new  company  of  that  Corps  and 
other  light  duty  until  May,  1863,  when  he  joined  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac.  Having  been  promoted  to  be  Captain,  in 
July,  1862,  he  commanded  one  of  the  engineer  companies 
and  occasionally  the  battalion  attached  to  the  Headquarters 
of  the  Army  until  July,  1864,  when  he  was  charged  with 
the  construction  of  fortifications  at  Baltimore  and  other 
localities  until  the  end  of  the  war.  He  received  three 
brevets  for  gallant  services.  In  September,  1862,  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Dale,  of  Boston;  and  on  December  31,  1865,  he 
resigned  his  commission  and  made  his  home  in  that  city, 
as  a  merchant,  until  his  death  in  December,  1874.  He 
left  a  widow  and  two  children. 

VILLEPIGUE,  JOHN  BORDENAVE,  of  South  Caro- 
lina. He  was  early  appointed  Captain  of  Artillery,  and 
soon  became  Colonel  of  the  36th  Georgia  Infantry,  having 
resigned  his  United  States  commission  on  March  31,  1861. 
He  commanded  Fort  McRae,  Pensacola,  in  the  naval  bom- 
bardment of  November  22,  1861,  where  he  was  severely 
wounded.  Soon  after  he  served  on  General  Bragg' s  Staff 
as  Chief  of  Engineers  and  Artillery.  He  was  promoted 
to  be  Brigadier  General  on  March  13,  1862.  Assigned  to 
the  command  of  Fort  Pillow,  on  the  Mississippi,  he  defended 
it  during  a  bombardment  lasting  fifty-two  days,  and  finally 
blew  up  the  fort  on  June  4,  1862,  and  withdrew  his  force 
intact.  Later  he  commanded  the  2d  Brigade,  ist  Division, 
Army  of  the  Mississippi,  and  distinguished  himself  at  the 
battle  of  Corinth  in  October,  1862.  His  health  failing, 


BIOGRAPHICAL   NOTES  47 

he  was  sent  to  Port  Hudson,  where  he  died  of  fever  on 
November  2,  1862.  He  is  said  to  have  received  a  sword 
presented  to  "the  most  gallant  man  from  South  Carolina." 
At  West  Point  he  was  our  senior  captain,  respected  and 
beloved  by  the  Class. 

WADE,  LEVI  L.,  of  Tennessee.  At  the  graduation  of 
the  Class  his  health  was  so  seriously  impaired  that  he 
failed  to  receive  a  commission.  He  went  to  Florence, 
Alabama,  and  died  there  on  September  13,  1854,  the  first 
of  our  number  to  pass  away.  He  was  beloved  by  us  all. 

WEED,  STEPHEN  H.,  of  New  York.  Promoted  to 
be  Captain  in  the  5th  Artillery  on  May  14,  1861,  he  took 
an  active  part  in  the  Peninsular  campaign,  serving  chiefly 
with  the  5th  Corps.  His  battery  was  engaged  at  the 
New  Bridge  on  the  Chickahominy  on  June  20,  at  Gaines 
Mill  on  June  27,  where  he  was  slightly  wounded,  and  at 
Malvern  Hill  on  both  days.  In  the  Pope  campaign  he 
served  as  Chief  of  Artillery  of  the  2d  Division,  5th  Corps, 
commanding  four  batteries  and  receiving  commendation 
in  the  report  of  General  Sykes.  In  the  Antietam  cam- 
paign his  battery  fired  one  thousand  rounds.  At  Freder- 
icksburg,  in  December,  1862,  he  was  Chief  of  Artillery 
of  the  5th  Corps,  and  was  commended  in  the  reports  of 
Generals  Hunt,  Wilcox,  and  Butterfield.  At  Chancellors- 
ville  he  held  the  same  position,  and  General  Meade  in  his 
report  stated,  "  I  take  this  occasion  to  notice  with  com- 
mendation the  zeal,  intelligence,  and  activity  of  Captain 
Weed."  General  Fitz  John  Porter  had  recommended  that 
he  receive  a  brevet  for  his  services  on  the  Chickahominy 
and  at  Malvern  Hill;  and  General  Butterfield,  on  Decem- 
ber 17,  1862,  recommended  him  for  promotion  as  Brigadier 
General  of  Volunteers  for  "gallantry  and  good  service  in 
the  attack  of  December  13  and  subsequent  operations  to 
this  date.  Captain  Weed's  judgment,  energy,  and  bravery 


48  HALF    CENTURY   RECORD 

were  beyond  praise.  His  merits  as  an  educated  and  experi- 
enced officer  are  well  known.  He  seeks  the  post  of  honor 
and  danger  on  the  field,  and  has  proven  his  capacity  for 
promotion."  The  commission  was  finally  issued,  bearing 
date  of  June  6,  1863,  and  General  Weed  was  assigned  to 
command  the  3d  Brigade,  2d  Division,  of  the  5th  Corps. 
He  was  killed,  on  July  2,  holding  Round  Top,  the  key 
point  at  Gettysburg.  Colonel  Garrard,  who  succeeded  him, 
states  in  his  report :  "  A  few  moments  after  General  Weed, 
the  brigade  commander,  had  placed  his  command  in  position 
near  this  ridge  he  was  mortally  wounded  on  the  summit 
near  the  battery.  Lieutenant  Hazlett,  commanding  the 
battery,  while  offering  his  assistance  to  General  Weed  fell 
mortally  wounded."  General  Sykes  states  in  his  report : 
"  General  Weed  had  been  conspicuous  during  the  war,  won 
and  adorned  his  promotion,  and  surrendered  it  and  his 
life  on  the  spot  he  was  called  upon  to  defend."  On  Sep- 
tember I,  1863,  General  Sykes,  commanding  the  5th  Corps, 
wrote :  "  Pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  circular  from  Head- 
quarters Army  of  the  Potomac  of  this  date,  I  have  the 
honor  to  submit  the  names  of  the  following  officers  whose 
memory  should  be  perpetuated  in  the  history  of  their  coun- 
try, both  from  distinguished  services  and  from  having 
yielded  up  their  lives  in  its  defense,  (i)  Brigadier  Gen- 
eral Stephen  H.  Weed,  United  States  Volunteers.  Dis- 
tinguished at  Gaines  Mill,  June  27,  1862;  Malvern  Hill, 
June  30  and  July  I,  1862;  Bull  Run,  No.  2,  August  30, 
1862;  Antietam,  September  17,  1862;  Fredericksburg, 
December  13,  1862;  Chancellorsville,  especially  May  i, 
2,  and  3,  1863  ;  and  Gettysburg,  July  2,  1863,  where  he 
lost  his  life  ***.''  On  September  4,  1863,  General 
Barnard  recommended  that  "Redoubt  A,  near  Fort  Lyon 
[in  the  defenses  of  Washington],  be  called  Fort  Weed, 
after  Stephen  H.  Weed,  Captain  5th  Artillery,  Brigadier 
General  Volunteers,  killed  July  2,  1863,  at  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania."  This  was  done,  and  it  has  always  been 


BIOGRAPHICAL    NOTES  49 

a  pleasure  to  me  that  a  work  I  constructed  when  recover- 
ing from  the  Chickahominy  fever  should  bear  the  name 
of  a  classmate. 

WIDUP,  CYRUS  F.,  of  Indiana.  Little  has  been 
learned  of  his  life  after  leaving  the  Military  Academy. 
He  was  a  clerk  in  one  of  the  departments  at  Washington, 
where  I  met  him  in  the  autumn  and  winter  of  1854-55. 

WILSON,  GEORGE  REED,  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was 
for  a  short  time  assistant  State  engineer  of  Louisiana  in 
1858.  He  attained  the  rank  of  Major  in  the  Confederate 
service,  and  was  Aide-de-camp  on  the  Staff  of  General 
Hebert  in  1861.  After  the  war  he  was  employed  for  a 
short  time  by  the  Quartermaster  at  New  Orleans  as 
captain  of  a  Red  River  steamboat. 

WOOD,  ROBERT  CROOKS,  JR.,  at  large.  He  was  the 
son  of  Assistant  Surgeon  General  R.  C.  Wood,  and  grand- 
son of  President  Zachary  Taylor.  He  was  appointed 
Second  Lieutenant  2d  Cavalry  on  March  3,  1855,  and 
resigned  his  commission  on  January  I,  1858.  He  had 
been  wounded  in  an  Indian  fight  at  Concho  River,  Texas, 
on  February  12,  1857.  In  the  war  he  was  Lieutenant 
Colonel,  and  probably  Colonel,  of  a  regiment  of  Mississippi 
Cavalry.  General  Bingham  writes  :  "  I  met  him  in  Wash- 
ington after  the  war.  He  said  he  was  in  command  of  a 
regiment  of  Confederate  Cavalry  which  annoyed  us  on 
the  march  to  Meridian,  Mississippi,  in  February,  1864, 
and  came  very  near  capturing  General  Sherman  and  Staff, 
of  which  I  was  a  member.  I  remember  the  occasion  very 
well,  and  how  near  we  came  to  being  captured."  After 
the  war  Wood  made  his  home  at  New  Orleans,  and  died 
on  December  4,  1900,  it  is  believed  at  that  city. 


50  HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 

WRIGHT,  THOMAS  FORSTER,  at  large.  Few  men 
have  shown  a  stronger  bias  for  Army  service  than  our 
classmate,  "  Ancient  Tom."  After  unsuccessful  trials  in 
three  classes  he  went  to  California  and  joined  the  Nica- 
ragua expedition  under  Walker  as  Quartermaster.  Escap- 
ing unharmed,  he  received  a  commission  as  First  Lieutenant 
and  Regimental  Quartermaster  in  the  2d  California  Cavalry 
on  October  2,  1861.  This  he  resigned  on  January  31, 
1863,  to  accept  on  the  following  day  that  of  Major  of  the 
6th  California  Infantry.  He  transferred  to  become  Major 
of  the  2d  California  Infantry  on  October  3,  1864;  was 
promoted  to  be  Lieutenant  Colonel  on  November  23,  1864, 
and  to  be  Colonel  on  January  6,  1865.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  of  service  on  April  16,  1866.  It  appears 
that  the  regiment  did  not  leave  the  Pacific  coast,  being 
employed  in  keeping  the  Indians  in  order;  but  he  was 
brevetted  Brigadier  General  of  Volunteers  for  faithful  and 
meritorious  services.  On  the  28th  of  the  following  July 
he  was  appointed  First  Lieutenant  of  the  32d  Infantry, 
and  served  as  Regimental  Quartermaster  from  July  15, 
1867,  to  May  12,  1869,  when  he  passed  to  the  unassigned 
list.  He  was  assigned  to  the  I2th  Infantry  on  January  31, 
1870,  and  served  as  Regimental  Adjutant  from  March  8 
to  June  8,  1870.  He  was  killed  on  April  26,  1873,  in  an 
action  with  the  Modoc  Indians  at  the  Lava  Beds  in  South- 
ern Oregon.  Although  several  of  the  Class  were  wounded 
in  these  Indian  wars,  he  was  the  only  member  to  lose  his 
life  in  them. 


STATISTICAL  TABLES 


52 


HALF    CENTURY    RECORD 


Jiit 

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TABLE   II  —  NECROLOGY    IN   ORDER   OF   DATE 

In  all  59,  of  whom  16  (italics)  were  killed  in  action. 

Wade,  Levi  L. 

Sept.  13, 

i854 

At  Florence,  Ala. 

Splane,  P.  R. 

Oct.  12, 

1854 

At  Pattersonville,  La. 

Shepperd,  S.  T. 

June  27, 

1855 

At  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kan. 

Kinsey,  Samuel 

July  14, 

1855 

At  Washington,  D.  C. 

Davant,  W.  M. 

Oct.  i, 

1855 

Drowned  in  Rio  Grande  near  Fort  Duncan 

Palmer,  Waterman,  Jr. 

Nov.  1  8, 

1855 

At  Fort  Moultrie,  S.  C. 

Dick,  G.  McGunigle 

July  31, 

1856 

At  Camp  Cooper,  Tex. 

Wright,  T.  J. 

April  30, 

1857 

Found  dead  near  Chicago,  111. 

Wright,  James 

Oct.  26, 

1857 

At  Albuquerque,  N.  M. 

Daniell,  William  S. 

May  2, 

1860 

At  Savannah,  Ga. 

Greble,John  T. 

June  10, 

1861 

Killed  near  Big  Bethel,  Va. 

Clay,  Henry,  Jr. 

June  5, 

1862 

At  Louisville,  Ky.     Disability. 

O'Connor,  Edgar 

Aug.  28, 

1862 

Killed  at  Groveton,  Va. 

Smead,John  R. 

Aug.  30, 

1862 

Killed  at  Manassas,  Va. 

Villepigue,  J.  B. 

Nov.  9, 

1862 

At  Port  Hudson,  La.     Disability. 

Harrington,  F.  A, 

Jan.  i, 

1863 

Killed  at  Stone  River,  Tenn. 

Davis,  Benjamin  F. 

June  9, 

1863 

Killed  at  Beverly  Ford,  Va. 

Weed,  Stephen  ff. 

July  2, 

1863 

Killed  at  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

Fender,  William  D. 

July  18, 

1863 

Mortally  wounded  at  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

Deshler,  James 

Sept.  20, 

1863 

Killed  at  Chickamauga,  Ga. 

Colquitt,  Peyton  H, 

Sept.  —  , 

1863 

Killed  at  Chickamauga,  Ga. 

Brown,  Samuel  C. 

Sept.  22, 

1863 

Mortally  wounded  at  Chickamauga,  Ga. 

Mercer,  John  7*. 

April  19, 

1864 

Killed  at  Plymouth,  N.  C. 

Randal,  Horace 

April  30, 

1864 

Killed  at  Jenkins  Ferry,  Ark. 

Stuart,  J.  E.  B. 

May  12, 

1864 

Mortally  wounded  at  Yellow  Tavern,  Va. 

Grade,  Archibald,  Jr. 

Dec.  2, 

1864 

Killed  near  Petersburg,  Va. 

Pegram,  John 

Feb.  6, 

1865 

Killed  near  Petersburg,  Va. 

Spratt,  Joseph 

April  9, 

1865 

Discharged  for  disability,  April  5,  1864 

McCleary,  John 

Feb.  28, 

1868 

At  Charleston,  S.  C. 

Leech,  William  A. 

July  20, 

1870 

At  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Kenan,  Lewis  H. 

July  3, 

1871 

At  Milledgeville,  Ga. 

Gay,  Ebenezer 

Sept.  n, 

1871 

At  Nashua,  N.  H. 

Wright,  Thomas  F. 

April  26, 

1873 

Killed  at  Lava  Beds,  Ore. 

Turnbull,  Charles  N. 

Dec.  2, 

1874 

At  Boston,  Mass. 

Thomas,  Richard 

March  24, 

1875 

In  St.  Mary's  County,  Md. 

Scott,  W.  Parkin 

May  4, 

1875 

At  Baltimore,  Md. 

Long,  John  Osmond 

Aug.  3, 

1875 

At  Tampa,  Fla. 

Gordon,  George  A. 

Oct.  26, 

1878 

At  Washington,  D.  C. 

Treadwell,  T.  J. 

Aug.  2, 

1879 

At  Governor's  Island,  New  York  Harbor 

Sherbume,  J.  P. 

Jan.  9, 

1880 

At  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Hancock,  David  P. 

May  21, 

1880 

At  Harrisburg,  Pa. 

Rogers,  Charles  G. 

Feb.  24, 

1888 

At  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Holloway,  E.  F. 

March  24, 

1888 

At  Richmond,  Madison  County,  La. 

Smalley,  Henry  A. 

May  13, 

1888 

At  New  York  City 

STATISTICAL   TABLES 


55 


Brotherton,  D.  H. 
Mullins,  John 
Drum,  William  F. 
Kearney,  William 
Carr,  Milton  T. 
Bliss,  Zenas  R. 
Wood,  Robert  C.,  Jr. 
Black,  J.  Logan 
Greene,  Oliver  D. 
Smead,  Abner 
Guion,  Alexander  H. 
Robertson,  W.  R. 
Jesup,  William  C. 
Lashbrooke,  Peter 
Wilson,  George  R. 


Sept.  17, 
Oct.  3, 
July  4» 
May  30, 
May  3, 
Jan.  2, 
Dec.  4, 
March  25,  1902 
March  19,  1904 
July  24,  1904 


1889 
1891 
1892 

1893 
1895 
1900 
1900 


At  Waynesboro,  Pa. 

At  Norfolk,  Va. 

At  Fort  Yates,  N.  Dak/ 

Not  of  record 

Near  Wheeling,  W.  Va. 

At  Washington,  D.  C. 

Not  of  record,  probably  New  Orleans 

Near  Blacksburg,  S.  C. 

At  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

At  Salem,  Va. 
Believed  to  be  dead,  but  date  and  place  are  not  known 
Believed  to  be  dead,  but  date  and  place  are  not  known 
Believed  to  be  dead,  but  date  and  place  are  not  known 
Believed  to  be  dead,  but  date  and  place  are  not  known 
Believed  to  be  dead,  but  date  and  place  are  not  known 


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